Explosion limits of mixtures relevant to the production of 1,2-dichloroethane (ethylene dichloride) |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 300A, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium;2. Norsk Hydro ASA, Oil and Energy Research Centre, P.O. Box 2561, N-3908 Porsgrunn, Norway;3. Hydro Polymers AS, Rafnes, N-3966 Stathelle, Norway;4. Adinex N.V., Brouwerijstraat 5/3, B-2200 Herentals, Belgium;1. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Heat Fluid Flow Technology and Energy Application, School of Physical Science and Technology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China;2. Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China;3. Reactor Engineering Sub-Institute, Nuclear Power Institute of China, Chengdu 610041,China;4. College of Engineering and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China;1. Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Western New England University, Springfield, MA;2. Department of Pharmacy Services, Baystate Franklin Medical Center, Greenfield, MA;1. Department of Chemical Engineering, West Virginia University, WV, United States;2. Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, WV, United States;3. Wayne State University School of Medicine, MI, United States;4. Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Virginia University, WV, United States;5. Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center Allen Lung Program, West Virginia University, WV, United States |
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| Abstract: | A simple method exists to estimate the limiting oxygen concentration (LOC) based upon the lower explosion limit (LEL) by assuming (1) that the LOC lies at the apex of the explosion area, (2) that the LEL is unaffected by nitrogen addition and (3) that the apex of the explosion area lies on the stoichiometric line. This estimation method is assessed for mixtures relevant to the production of 1,2-dichloroethane. To this end, the explosion areas of ethylene/hydrogen/nitrogen/air, ethylene/nitrogen/air and ethylene/1,2-dichloroethane/hydrogen chloride/nitrogen/air mixtures are determined at typical process conditions. The experiments are performed in a closed spherical 8 l vessel. The mixtures are ignited by fusing a coiled tungsten wire, placed at the centre of the vessel. A 5% pressure rise criterion is used to determine the explosion limits. The experimental procedure is based upon EN 14756. It is found that a safe estimate of the LOC of ethylene/hydrogen/nitrogen/air mixtures can be found based upon the LEL of these mixtures. |
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