Advancing the practice of health impact assessment in Canada: Obstacles and opportunities |
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| Institution: | 1. University of Toronto, Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, Ontario M1C 1A4, Canada;2. Intrinsik Environmental Sciences Inc., 6605 Hurontario Street, Mississauga, Ontario L5T0A3, Canada;3. Simon Fraser University, Faculty of Environment, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada;1. School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, # 235, University W. Road, Saihan District, Huhhot, Inner Mongolia 010021, PR China;2. College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, #38, Tongyan Road, Haihe Education Park, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, PR China;1. School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, UK;2. School of Geo and Spatial Sciences, North-West University, South Africa;3. Integral Sustainability, Australia;4. Curtin University Sustainability Policy Institute, Australia;5. Environmental Science, Murdoch University, Australia;6. Department of Geography and Planning and School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, Canada |
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| Abstract: | Health Impact Assessment (HIA) is recognized as a useful tool that can identify potential health impacts resulting from projects or policy initiatives. Although HIA has become an established practice in some countries, it is not yet an established practice in Canada. In order to enable broader support for HIA, this study provides a comprehensive review and analysis of the peer-reviewed and gray literature on the state of HIA practice. The results of this review revealed that, although there is an abundance of publications relating to HIA, there remains a lack of transparent, consistent and reproducible approaches and methods throughout the process. Findings indicate a need for further research and development on a number of fronts, including: 1) the nature of HIA triggers; 2) consistent scoping and stakeholder engagement approaches; 3) use of evidence and transparency of decision-making; 4) reproducibility of assessment methods; 5) monitoring and evaluation protocols; and, 6) integration within existing regulatory frameworks. Addressing these issues will aid in advancing the more widespread use of HIA in Canada. |
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