三峡库区黑沟小流域非点源污染物输出的动态变化

农业施肥水平和耕作方式等流域管理措施影响非点源污染物的输出.选择三峡库区黑沟小流域60种管理措施组合,即5种化肥施用水平(FL1-现用量、FL2-70%现用量、FL3-推荐用量、FL4-70%推荐用量、FL5-30%推荐用量)、4类耕作方式(CT-传统耕作、NT-免中耕、CS-等高种植、RC-留茬覆盖)和3种年降雨模式...

Dynamic Change of Non-point Source Pollution Exported from Heigou Watershed in Three Gorges Reservoir Area

Sediment and its associated pollutants entering a water body can be very destructive to the ecological health of that system. Based on GIS and AnnAGNPS model, A total of 60 combinations of various management treatments including five fertilizer levels (FL1-existing,FL2-70% of existing, FL3-recommended,FL4-70% of recommended,FL5-30% of recommended), four tillage practices (CT-conventional tillage, NT-no tillage, CS-contour strip cropping, RC-residue cover) and three kinds of annual rainfall (deficit, normal, abundant) have been evaluated. Results from model simulations indicate that runoff and sediment yield were not affected due to change in fertilizer doses, but there was a significant positive correlation between nutrient losses and fertilizer application rates; Conservation tillage practices such as NT, CS and RC would reduce sediment and sediment-bound nutrient losses significantly, they have very little benefit on soluble nitrogen and phosphorus losses. This is primarily because the increased infiltration rates resulting from those practices leads to greater losses of subsurface and return flow in the watershed. In view of feasibility and efficiency, the combination of FL3+NT was found to be the best scenario as the reductions of nutrient losses and sediment yield were about 40% and 45%, respectively.