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烟花爆竹禁燃对春节期间东北地区空气质量影响评估
引用本文:曹馨元,何月欣,陈卫卫,张世春,赵红梅,张学磊. 烟花爆竹禁燃对春节期间东北地区空气质量影响评估[J]. 中国环境监测, 2018, 34(4): 77-84
作者姓名:曹馨元  何月欣  陈卫卫  张世春  赵红梅  张学磊
作者单位:中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所湿地生态与环境重点实验室;中国科学院大学;中国科学院大气物理研究所大气边界层物理和大气化学国家重点实验室
基金项目:国家重点研发计划重点专项(2017YFC0212303);中国科学院前沿科学重点研究项目(QYZDB-SSW-DQC045);国家自然科学基金资助项目(41775116,41771071);中国科学院青年创新促进会项目(2017275);中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所"一三五"培育项目(IGA-135-05);吉林省科技发展计划项目(20180520095JH)
摘    要:利用2015—2017年春节期间东北地区主要大气污染物(PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)、SO_2、NO_2、CO和O3)质量浓度监测资料及相应气象因子(温度、湿度、风速和气压)观测资料,分析了春节期间烟花爆竹禁燃对东北地区空气质量的影响。结果表明:随着东北地区主要城市禁燃力度的增强,空气质量逐年提升,PM_(2.5)和SO_2浓度逐年大幅度下降。禁燃可明显降低城区PM_(2.5)浓度,而由于春节期间污染源整体减少,城区和城郊监测点PM_(2.5)浓度值差异减小。烟花爆竹对PM_(10)和PM_(2.5)浓度影响高于对气体污染物SO_2、NO_2和CO的影响。此外,气象条件对东北地区春节期间禁燃改善空气质量的效果也有明显影响。因此,结合春节期间的气象条件,在东北地区实施禁燃政策动态调整非常必要。

关 键 词:春节  烟花爆竹  时空分布  PM2.5  气象条件
收稿时间:2017-04-05
修稿时间:2017-06-05

Effects of Fireworks Forbidden on Air Quality During the Spring Festival in Northeast China
CAO Xinyuan,HE Yuexin,CHEN Weiwei,ZHANG Shichun,ZHAO Hongmei and ZHANG Xuelei. Effects of Fireworks Forbidden on Air Quality During the Spring Festival in Northeast China[J]. Environmental Monitoring in China, 2018, 34(4): 77-84
Authors:CAO Xinyuan  HE Yuexin  CHEN Weiwei  ZHANG Shichun  ZHAO Hongmei  ZHANG Xuelei
Affiliation:Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China,Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China,Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China,Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China,Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China and Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China
Abstract:The effects of fireworks forbidden on air quality and the characteristics of atmospheric pollutants concentrations during the Spring Festival (2015-2017) in Northeast China was evaluated using ground monitoring data of major pollutants (PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2, CO and O3) and corresponding meteorological factors (air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and atmospheric pressure). The results showed that the air quality during the Spring Festival was significantly improved and the concentrations of SO2 and PM2.5 emitted from fireworks were significantly declined year by year in spatial-temporal scale because of the fireworks forbidden implementation. The PM2.5 concentrations in urban area were significantly reduced by the fireworks prohibition, and the difference of PM2.5concentration between urban and suburban sites had got close due to many pollutant sources decreasing or shut during the Spring Festival. The increased ranges of the PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations from fireworks emissions were significantly higher than SO2, NO2 and CO concentrations. Also, meteorological conditions had obvious impact on the improvement of air quality in the Northeast China. Thus, it is necessary and effective to dynamically adjust and implement the preventative measures based on meteorological condition in Northeast China.
Keywords:Spring Festival  fireworks  temporal and spatial variation  PM2.5  meteorological condition
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