壳聚糖络合-超滤耦合过程去除溶液中铅离子的研究

采用聚醚砜超滤膜,以壳聚糖为络合剂络合-超滤去除溶液中Pb2+,考察了溶液pH值、Pb2+/壳聚糖装载量比、离子强度和Ca2+各因素对Pb2+截留率的影响,同时研究了超滤浓缩时间对Pb2+截留率及膜通量的影响.结果表明,溶液pH是决定络合-超滤耦合过程能否进行的关键因素;在pH为6.0, Pb2+/壳聚糖装载量比为0.25时,络合-超滤耦合过程对溶液中Pb2+的截留率达99%以上.溶液离子强度和Ca2+的增加均不利于络合-超滤耦合过程对Pb2+的去除.对浓缩的壳聚糖-铅溶液酸化解络之后,进一步采用全过滤过程回收壳聚糖.回收后的壳聚糖重新用于络合-超滤耦合过程去除溶液中Pb2+,此时对Pb2+的去除率为96.2%,与新鲜的壳聚糖没有明显差别.研究结果显示采用壳聚糖络合-超滤耦合过程能有效去除溶液中铅离子,同时实现壳聚糖的有效回收.

Removal of Lead from Aqueous Solutions by Complexation-Ultrafiltration with Chitosan

Polyethersulphone (PES) membrane was chosen and chitosan was used as complexing agent to remove lead ions by complexation-ultrafiltration. Effects of solution pH, Pb²⁺/chitosan ratio, ionic strength and Ca²⁺ on the rejection coefficient of lead were investigated. The effect of concentration time on lead rejection coefficient and membrane flux was also studied. The value of pH was found to be the key parameter in the process of complexation-ultrafiltration. The rejection coefficient of lead goes high to over 99% at pH 6.0 with the Pb²⁺/chitosan ratio 0.25. The increase of ionic strength and Ca²⁺is not beneficial to the lead removal by complexation-ultrafiltration. The chitosan-metal complex was acidified and then the chitosan was regenerated by diafiltration. The regenerated chitosan was used to remove Pb²⁺ by complexation-ultrafiltration, and the rejection coefficient of lead was found to be 96.2%, which shows no significant difference with that obtained on the fresh chitosan. Results showed that complexation-ultrafiltration can effectively remove lead from aqueous solutions and chitosan can be effectively regenerated.