危险化学品道路运输事故引发环境污染的思考

基于危险化学品运输事故的现状,应用层次分析的方法,探讨了危险化学品运输事故的分类、成因和引发环境污染的主要危险化学品种类。结果表明道路运输事故占危险化学品运输事故的90%,三分之二的危险化学品运输事故引发环境污染事件;道路运输事故可分为行车途中交通事故和隐患性非交通事故两大类;《危险化学品名录》中第3类易燃液体和第8类腐蚀品分别占环境污染事件总量的53.53%和24.12%。从自救应急机制、道路运输选线和HSE管理体系等3个方面,提出抑制道路运输事故及其降低环境污染的战略对策。

Thinking on Environmental Pollution Caused by Chemical Hazards Transportation Incidents

Based on the current situation of chemical hazards transportation and application AHP method, the classification and the causes of chemical hazards transportation accidents and the main kinds of chemical hazards about environmental pollution were discussed. The results show that the proportion of chemical hazards road transport accidents was 90% in all chemical hazards transport accidents, and two-thirds of the transportation accidents bring about environmental pollution incidents. Road transport accidents can be divided into two major categories, including traffic accidents on the way and risks of non-traffic accidents. Class 3 flammable liquids and Class 8 corrosive substances in the list of chemical hazards were the main polluting sources, the proportion of the former was 53.53% in all environmental pollution incidents and the latter was 24.12%. Furthermore, some strategic countermeasures of inhibition of road transport accidents and reducing environmental pollution were put forward by three aspects of self-rescue emergency response mechanism, selection of road transport line and HSE management system.