Future sea ice conditions and weather forecasts in the Arctic: Implications for Arctic shipping |
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Authors: | Jean-Claude Gascard Kathrin Riemann-Campe Rüdiger Gerdes Harald Schyberg Roger Randriamampianina Michael Karcher Jinlun Zhang Mehrad Rafizadeh |
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Institution: | 1.University Pierre & Marie Curie, LOCEAN,Paris,France;2.Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung,Bremerhaven,Germany;3.Norwegian Meteorological Institute,Oslo,Norway;4.Ocean Atmosphere Systems GmbH,Hamburg,Germany;5.Applied Physics Laboratory, Polar Science Center,University of Washington,Seattle,USA |
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Abstract: | The ability to forecast sea ice (both extent and thickness) and weather conditions are the major factors when it comes to safe marine transportation in the Arctic Ocean. This paper presents findings focusing on sea ice and weather prediction in the Arctic Ocean for navigation purposes, in particular along the Northeast Passage. Based on comparison with the observed sea ice concentrations for validation, the best performing Earth system models from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) program (CMIP5—Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5) were selected to provide ranges of potential future sea ice conditions. Our results showed that, despite a general tendency toward less sea ice cover in summer, internal variability will still be large and shipping along the Northeast Passage might still be hampered by sea ice blocking narrow passages. This will make sea ice forecasts on shorter time and space scales and Arctic weather prediction even more important. |
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