Past,present, and future use of phosphorus in Chinese agriculture and its influence on phosphorus losses |
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| Authors: | Haigang Li Jian Liu Guohua Li Jianbo Shen Lars Bergström Fusuo Zhang |
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| Institution: | 1.Center for Resources, Environment and Food Security (CREFS),China Agricultural University,Beijing,China;2.Key Laboratory of Nonpoint Source Pollution Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing,China;3.Pasture Systems and Watershed Management Research Unit,USDA-Agricultural Research Service,University Park,USA;4.Department of Soil and Environment,Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU),Uppsala,Sweden |
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| Abstract: | Large inputs of phosphorus (P) in chemical fertilizers and feed supplements since 1978 have improved soil P status in arable land in China, but have also created challenges by increasing P concentrations in manure and exacerbating water quality degradation. Arable land in China can be divided into five management zones based on soil P chemistry, with 15–92 % of arable land having lower P status than the agronomic optimum and 0.3–7.2 % having severe risks of P leaching losses. A scenario analysis of soil P budget and agronomic P demand during 2011–2030 highlighted the great pressure China faces in sustainable P management and the need for drastic changes in current practices. This includes new policies to reduce P supplementation of feed and improved P use efficiency by livestock and programs to expand the adoption of appropriate fertilization, soil conservation, and drainage management practices to minimize P losses. |
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