电偶极子的各向异性辐射特性

目的研究均匀各向异性介质中电磁源的辐射特性及其规律。方法基于电磁场的方向多长度标准理论,建立各向异性介质中标量势的达朗伯方程,求解微分方程得到推迟形式的标量势和矢量势的解析表达式,通过与现有文献比较验证该表达式正确性。结果得到了电各向异性介质中电偶极子的辐射电磁场,当介质为各向同性介质时,所得辐射场与现有文献完全一致,数值仿真了电偶极的辐射特性和结果的物理机制。结论在各向异性介质中,电偶极的辐射特性具有各向异性特性,在某一方向观测时,与该方向垂直方向的介电常数越大,辐射越强。为各向异性介质如磁化等离子体等介质中雷达、天线的工程优化设计提供了理论基础。

Anisotropic Radiation Characteristics of Electric Dipole

Objective To study radiation property and radiation law of electromagnetic sources in homogeneous anisotropic medium. Methods Based on the direction multi length standard theory of EM waves, the non-homogeneous differential equation of scalar potential was established. By solving this equation, explicit exact representations of scalar potential and magnetic vector potential were developed respectively; and their validity were demonstrated through comparing them with the available literatures. Results The radiating field of an electric dipole was acquired in the presence of anisotropic medium, and this obtained radiating field was in agreement with that in the available reference as the material being the isotropic one. The radiation characteristics of the electric dipole were simulated and analyzed physically. Conclusion In the anisotropic medium, the radiation of an electric dipole has the anisotropic property. When radiation is observed in one direction, the larger the dielectric constant in the direction vertical to the observing direction is, the more intensified the radiation is. It provides a theoretical basis for engineering optimization design of radar and antenna in anisotropic media such as magnetized plasma.