Minimum safety liquid levels for cylindrical storage tanks to prevent buckling under fluctuating wind loads |
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| Affiliation: | 1. College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, China;2. Shenzhen Urban Public Safety and Technology Institute, Shenzhen, 518019, China;3. Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Disaster City Digital Twin, Shenzhen, 518019, China;1. College of Safety and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China;2. Mine Disaster Prevention and Control-Ministry of State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, PR China;3. Qingdao Intelligent Control Engineering Center for Production Safety Fire Accident, Qingdao, 266590, PR China;1. Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology NTNU, Richard Birkelands vei 2B, 7034 Trondheim, Norway;2. Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering and Chairman, CoE in Safety Engineering and Analytics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302 West Bengal, India;3. Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, via Branze 38, 25123 Brescia, Italy;4. Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Eudossiana, 18, 00184 Rome, Italy;1. Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig, Germany;2. thuba AG, Basel, Switzerland;3. Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany;1. Key Laboratory of Refrigeration and Cryogenic Technology of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China;2. Renewable Energy Research Group (RERG), Department of Building Environment and Energy Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China;1. State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China;2. Suzhou Key Laboratory of Urban Public Safety, Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China |
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| Abstract: | Among the diverse Natech scenarios, buckling of storage tanks under extreme winds is of particular concern due to the economical, ecological, and societal consequences the leakage of valuable, flammable, and hazardous substances in the tanks can bring about. Filling storage tanks with water has a stabilizing effect against buckling and has been adopted in practice to preserve the integrity of tanks under extreme wind loads. In previous studies, the description of wind load is mostly limited to rule-of-thumb formulas with empirical parameters, which is insufficient to make credible quantitative decisions in the prevention and preparedness phase of emergency management. In the present study, sophisticated numerical simulations of multiple correlated time histories of fluctuating wind loads and nonlinear finite element analysis allow for a technologically sound methodology for the evaluation of minimum safety liquid levels for storage tanks to prevent buckling under extreme winds. In the case studies, both the proposed methodology and the relevant Eurocode have been applied to assess the minimum safety liquid levels in more than one hundred scenarios of severe winds. It is observed that both approaches agreed that 94 scenarios were safe and 19 were unsafe. However, the remaining 13 scenarios were considered safe by the Eurocode-static-analysis approach while considered unsafe by the proposed approach indicating that the peak velocity pressure formula in Eurocode and static wind buckling analysis adopted in numerous previous studies systematically underestimate the role of fluctuating wind. The proposed methodology may be applied to help make quantitative decisions corresponding to wind disasters. |
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| Keywords: | Hurricane Natech Storage tanks Liquid level Safety Numerical simulation |
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