竹炭及其改性产品作为生物载体的应用研究

为了研究竹炭及其改性产品在污水处理中作为微生物载体的可行性,在曝气生物滤池工艺中研究了竹炭及其改性产品(硝酸改性、双氧水改性和超声改性竹炭)对污染物(COD及NH4+-N)的处理效果。结果表明,超声改性竹炭的处理效果最好,对COD及NH4+-N去除率分别达93.34%和50.94%,而其他改性竹炭的处理效果无显著提高。基于PLFA技术分析各载体上的微生物群落结构,结果表明,所有载体上的微生物均以真核和好氧原核生物为主,超声改性竹炭上的生物量高于其他填料且厌氧细菌数量最多。此外,基于碘吸附值和SEM技术分别对改性竹炭的吸附性能和形貌进行分析发现,超声改性竹炭上的微孔数量增加,孔壁更为粗糙。因此,超声改性竹炭这种生物质新材料有望成为优良的水处理微生物载体。

Applied study on bamboo charcoal and its modificated products as microbial carriers

To investigate the feasibility of pure bamboo charcoal (BC) as a microbial carrier in the field of wastewater treatment,the pollutants (chemical oxygen demand and NH4+-N) removal efficiency of pure BC,three modificated BCs (nitric acid (NBC),hydrogen peroxide (HBC),ultrasonic (UBC)) and ceramisite were studied in a biological aerated filter (BAF) process system.Results indicated that the removal efficiency of UBC was the highest among tested carriers,with the COD and NH4+-N removal rate of 93.34% and 50.94%,respectively,but the removal efficiency of other modificated BC didn't increase significantly.Furthermore,the microbial community structure of tested BCs was further studied,and the results proved that the microorganism living on carriers was mainly eukaryotic and aerobic prokaryotic microorganisms.Biomass of UBC was higher than other carriers,and the quantity of anaerobic bacteria was the highest among the tested BCs.Moreover,adsorption performance and morphology were investigated and the results suggested that,compared with other BCs,the number of micro-porous of UBC increased significantly,and the hole wall was rougher than BC.Consequently,UBC,a new material made by biomass materials,may become an excellent microbial carrier in the field of wastewater processing.