局部包埋ANAMMOX活性填料启动生物滤池

以厌氧氨氧化细菌(AAOB)混培物、聚乙烯醇(PVA)、碳酸钙和粒径2~4 mm的颗粒活性炭作为主要包埋材料,制备出局部包埋ANAMMOX活性填料。研究了该填料在生物滤池启动过程中的运行效果。实验结果表明,局部包埋固定化技术可使生物滤池在较高的水力负荷和高反冲洗强度条件下仍保持稳定的AAOB生物量,滤池中AAOB的比生长速率为0.0027 h-1,经过包埋固定后AAOB的增殖过程不会受到不利的影响且活性恢复较快。滤池内存在反硝化与ANAMMOX耦合的现象。通过监测进出水的pH值变化可快速判断ANAMMOX工艺脱氮负荷的变化情况。用Logistic模型模拟局部包埋ANAMMOX生物滤池细菌增殖规律相关性极强,相关系数R值达0.983。局部包埋固定化技术可以有效地固定AAOB,有助于解决AAOB在大规模工程应用中发生的细菌流失等问题,具有一定的应用前景。

Start-up of ANAMMOX bioreactor with ANAMMOX bacteria immobilized in partial granular activated carbon

Start-up of ANAMMOX bioreactor was studied while anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria (AAOB) were immobilized in granular activated carbon (particle size 2~4 mm) with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and CaCO3. The results showed that the loss of AAOB was decreased under the conditions of high hydraulic loading and high reverse washing intensity after AAOB were immobilized in partial granular activated carbon. The growth rate of AAOB was 0.0027 h-1, and AAOB's activities recovered soon in bioreactor. Immobilization did not go against AAOB's biomass yield. The coupling relationship between ANAMMOX and denitrification was found in the bioreactor. Nitrogen removal loading was indicated precisely by pH value. The biomass yield was in accord with Logistic model while the correlation coefficient R was 0.983. AAOB were immobilized in partial granular activated carbon effectively, and it may contribute to decreasing the loss of AAOB and low biomass yield in practice.