北京农业地域功能空间分异及影响因素

北京减量提质发展背景下,农业地域功能主要体现在优质农产品生产、生态保护、高端休闲娱乐供给、新业态示范、产业链拓展与融合以及就业收入拉动等方面。以184个街道、乡镇为基本研究地域单元,测算了北京农业地域功能并剖析了空间分异特征。研究发现:北京农业地域功能空间分异与城市空间开发结构密切相关,总体上表现为自城乡结合部核心区、拓展区到远郊区呈圈层递增态势;城乡结合部拓展区农业地域功能衰退趋势显著,对城市空间开发的约束变弱;远郊区农产品供给、生态保护和就业安置等基本和传统功能较强而产业融合、新业态等高级与现代功能偏低,农业地域功能仍有较大提升空间。通过OLS基本回归和分位数回归发现,土地因素是影响北京农业地域功能的关键因素,其中区位因素决定农用地规模进而影响农业地域功能,房价因素通过加速农用地流转对功能最弱地区的农业地域功能具有明显抑制作用。非农产业对农业地域功能具有促进而非挤压替代作用。

Spatial differentiation of agricultural regional function in Beijing and its influencing factors

Under the background of rapid urbanization, agricultural development in Beijing has shrunk sharply and the marginalization of agriculture is becoming more and more obvious. Recently, Beijing puts forward the development model of reducing quantity and improving quality, to meet the needs of the people and improve the quality of the ecological environment. In this context, the regional function of agriculture should focus on the production of high-quality farm products, the ecological protection, the high-end leisure and entertainment supply and the popularization of agricultural science and technology, as well as the promotion of urban and rural integration, etc. By using the data of 184 streets and towns, the research calculates the regional function of agriculture in Beijing. Results show that the spatial differentiation of agricultural regional function in Beijing is closely related to the structure of urban spatial development, which is generally shown an increasing trend from the core area of urban-rural fringe to the extended area to the far suburbs, and the declining trend of agricultural regional function in the extended area of urban-rural fringe is significant, which makes the city gradually lose the constraints of spatial development. The basic functions of agricultural products supply, ecological protection and employment placement in the far suburbs are strong and industrial integration, new business type and other modern functions are at a low level. Therefore, there is still great room for improvement of agricultural regional functions. The result of basic regression and quantile regression shows that, the land factors are the key factors that affect the regional function of the agricultural region in Beijing, and the location factor determines the scale of the agricultural land and the house price factor obviously inhibit the agricultural regional function in areas with the lowest score by accelerating the circulation of agricultural land. The non-agricultural industry has the function of promoting and not squeezing the regional function of agriculture. In the future, Beijing should focus on the regional function of agriculture, protect the agricultural land and fully tap the new urban agricultural support space, promote the organic integration of the agriculture into the modern economic system of the city so as to stimulate the new potential of agriculture; and optimize the method for realizing the regional function of agriculture.