中国生态环境问题及环境保护计划

本将中国面临的生态环境问题归纳为七大问题，即：土地流失、土地荒漠化、森林覆盖面积减少、草原退化、自然灾害加剧、空气污染和酸雨、水污染和缺水。以统计数据为依据，从7个方面展现了生态环境的现状和遭受破坏的程度。扼要说明了由灾害和污染所造成的经济损失。介绍了中国政府就治理污染、防止生态环境破坏的环境保护计划。

ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION PLANNING IN CHINA

The present paper introduces the problem of ecological environment in China at present.Seven problems are discussed by using some detailed figures (Tables 1~4).The problems are soil and water loss,desert,decrease of forest covering area,grassland regression,the increase of natural calamities,air pollution and acid rain,and,last of all,water pollution.At present,soil erosion area is up to 3 670 000 km 2, that is,the 38% area of the total territory.The desert area in China is 2 620 000 km 2,and is the 27% area of the whole country.Grassland regression area is about 135 000 000 km 2,and is one third of the whole grassland area in China.From 1950s to 1990s,the frequency of natural calamity increases a lot.High level pollution results from the high energy consumption.Fresh water is far from being sufficient in China,and,furthermore,serious water pollution condition makes the water problem more serious to deal with.Pecuniary losses from natural calamity and pollution are analyzed.The figures show that the loss is huge(Table 4). The last part of the paper is the suggestions of the author on how to build an effective environmental construction plan in China (Table 5).The objectives of the plan may include the protection of forest and biological diversity,spriging operation,preventing measures from soil and water loss,desert control,argriculture's sustainable development and setting up systematic strategy for the natural environmental prediction and protection.