基于元胞自动机的弱视条件下群体疏散的仿真研究

根据人在弱视情况下的行为特征,建立基于元胞自动机的逃生模型,对弱视情况下的人群疏散进行了模拟。模拟过程中考虑了人的学习能力及人与人之间的相互作用等因素,模型加入吸引子使模拟人的疏散行为更为灵活。基于人能通过熟悉周围环境作出合理判断的学习能力,引入了"积累步长"的概念,使人的沟通判断能力(走过的路径、边界和出口位置通过交流能够获取)在模型中得到体现。获取足够信息的人可以避免多余的寻找,降低了逃生时间,体现了"人多力量大"的互助行为。通过大量的模拟实验,并讨论不同的环境条件对人群疏散的影响。

Simulation of Pedestrian Evacuation under Low Visibility Based on Cellular Automation

According to the behavior characteristics of human under the condition of low visibility,an escaping model based on CA(Cellular Automaton) is established so as to simulate the evacuation of human under low visibility.In the process of the simulation,human's learning ability and interaction are taken into account,and the attractor is introduced,which makes the simulation of human evacuation behavior more agile.Considering human's learning ability of making rational judgments through being familiar with the surroundings,"accumulated steps"is introduced,which makes the communicating and judging ability(obtaining the right path,boundary and exits) of human embodied in the simulation.In this way,the people obtaining sufficient information can avoid extra search and reduce escaping time,which embodies the effect of "Many hands make light work".Finally,plenty of simulation experiments are performed and the effects of different environmental conditions on evacuation are discussed.