SPG膜微气泡曝气生物膜反应器运行性能影响因素研究

SPG膜微气泡曝气生物膜反应器是微气泡曝气与废水好氧生物处理结合的可行方式.本研究采用SPG膜微气泡曝气生物膜反应器处理模拟生活废水,探讨运行条件、SPG膜污染及膜孔结构变化等因素对系统运行性能的影响.结果表明,空气通量、进水有机负荷、填料类型及床层孔隙率对COD去除性能影响较小,各运行条件下COD平均去除率保持在80%～90%.随着空气通量降低或进水有机负荷提高,溶解氧(DO)浓度显著下降,造成氨氮去除性能恶化,其平均去除率可由80%～90%降至20%～30%;同步硝化反硝化过程受此影响,总氮(TN)平均去除率也由30%～40%降至20%左右.此外,采用环形填料并提高床层孔隙率,有助于改善污染物去除性能.低空气通量或高进水负荷条件下,微气泡曝气的氧利用率接近100%.长期运行中,SPG膜表面生物膜生长及有机物累积会造成SPG膜污染,而在线清洗中碱性NaClO溶液侵蚀SPG膜孔结构,使SPG膜的平均孔径及孔隙率显著增大,从而影响SPG膜空气通透性.

Influencing Factors for Operational Performance of a Biofilm Reactor with Microbubble Aeration Using SPG Membrane

The microbubble-aerated biofilm reactor provides a feasibility to apply microbubble aeration in aerobic wastewater treatment processes. In this study, Shirasu porous glass (SPG) membranes were used for microbubble aeration in a fixed bed biofilm reactor treating synthetic municipal wastewater. The influencing factors for operational performance of the bioreactor were investigated, including operating parameters, SPG membrane fouling and its structural changes. The results indicated that there was no significant influences of air flux, organic loading rate and packed bed on COD removal and an average COD removal efficiency of 80%-90% could be achieved under different operating conditions. On the other hand, the dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations decreased significantly along with reducing air flux or increasing organic loading rate. As a result, the ammonia removal deteriorated gradually and the average ammonia removal efficiency decreased from 80%-90% to 20%-30%. At the same time, the total nitrogen (TN) removal achieved in the simultaneous nitrification and denitrification process was also reduced from 30%-40% to about 20%, due to nitrification inhibition. Higher available porosity could be obtained when ring packing was used in the fixed bed, resulting in improvement of contaminant removal performance. An oxygen utilization efficiency of close to 100% could be achieved at low air fluxes or high organic loading rates during microbubble aeration. Both biofilm growth and organic foulant accumulation on SPG membrane surface contributed to membrane fouling after long-term operation. The average pore size and porosity of SPG membrane increased significantly due to the chemical corrosion caused by alkali NaClO solution used for online cleaning. Then the air permeation of SPG membrane was affected by membrane fouling and destroyed pore structure.