经济结构调整的污染减排效应：以COD减排为例

经济结构调整是减少污染物排放的重要手段.为定量分析经济结构调整对污染减排的影响,将全国分为东部、东北、中部和西部4个子区域、工业分为39个行业,以化学需氧量(COD)为例,通过构建模型分析区域结构和行业结构调整对总量减排和排放强度的影响.结果表明,2000～2010年:1中国COD排放量由1445×104t降至1 238×104t,11 a间共排放14 950×104t.其中东部地区排放量最多,占总量的比重约为35.6%.2在工业COD排放量中,造纸及纸制品业排放量最大,占工业COD排放量的35.8%.3四大地区经济结构变化减少COD排放420×104t,使COD排放强度降低1.29%.4工业内部行业结构的变化减少COD排放533×104t,使COD排放强度降低3.1%.研究结果对指导中国经济结构调整、实现节能减排目标具有一定的参考价值.

Effect of Economic Structure Adjustment on Pollution Emission: A Case Study of COD

Economic structure adjustment is an important means to reduce the emissions of pollutants. For quantitative analysis of the effect of economic structure adjustment on the reduction of pollution emission, the country was divided into four sub-regions, eastern, northeastern, central and western, and the industry was divided into 39 sectors. Taking chemical oxygen demand (COD) as an example, the influences of regional structure and industry structure adjustment on total emission reduction and emission intensity were analyzed through building a model. The results showed that, in 2000-2010:1COD emissions in China were reduced from 1445×10⁴ t to 1238×10⁴ t, with a total emission of 14950×10⁴ t in 11 years, among which the emissions from eastern area occupied the largest proportion, accounting for 35.6%. 2In the industrial COD emissions, emission from paper and paper products was the largest, accounting for 35.8% of the industrial COD emissions. 3 The economic structure changes in the four areas reduced the COD emissions by 420× 10⁴ t, resulting in a decrease of 1.29% in COD emission intensity. 4Industrial internal structure changes reduced the COD emissions by 533× 10⁴ t, leading to a decrease of 3.1% in COD emission intensity. The research results have certain reference value in guiding the Chinese economic structure adjustment and achieving the targets of energy-saving and emission reduction.