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镧-铅复合污染下AM真菌对玉米生长和镧、铅吸收的影响
引用本文:常青,郭伟,潘亮,王起凡,周昕南,杨亮,李娥. 镧-铅复合污染下AM真菌对玉米生长和镧、铅吸收的影响[J]. 环境科学, 2017, 38(9): 3915-3926
作者姓名:常青  郭伟  潘亮  王起凡  周昕南  杨亮  李娥
作者单位:内蒙古大学生态与环境学院, 呼和浩特 010021,内蒙古大学生态与环境学院, 呼和浩特 010021,内蒙古大学生态与环境学院, 呼和浩特 010021,内蒙古大学生态与环境学院, 呼和浩特 010021,内蒙古大学生态与环境学院, 呼和浩特 010021,内蒙古大学生态与环境学院, 呼和浩特 010021,内蒙古大学生态与环境学院, 呼和浩特 010021
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(41461071,31200421,40861018);内蒙古自然科学基金项目(2012MS0603);教育部科学技术研究重点项目(210032);中国博士后科学基金项目(20100471489)
摘    要:采用温室盆栽试验的方法,模拟不同程度的镧-铅复合污染土壤(50、200、800 mg·kg~(-1)),研究接种丛枝菌根(arbuscular mycorrhizal,AM)、真菌Claroideoglomus etunicatum(CE)和Rhizophagus intraradices(RI)对玉米(Zea mays L.)菌根侵染率、生物量、矿质营养元素吸收、C∶N∶P生态化学计量比、稀土镧(La)和重金属铅(Pb)吸收、转运的影响,旨在为稀土-重金属复合污染土壤的治理和修复提供科学依据.结果表明,AM真菌CE和RI均与玉米建立了共生关系,平均菌根侵染率为26.7%~95.8%;随着La-Pb复合污染含量的增加,玉米植株菌根侵染率、地上部和根部生物量以及N、P、K、Ca、Mg这5种矿质营养元素含量显著降低,而玉米植株C∶P和N∶P以及地上部和根部La、Pb含量显著增加.接种2种AM真菌使玉米植株生物量显著提高了17.8%~158.9%,地上部和根部P含量显著提高了24.5%~153.8%,降低了C∶P和N∶P,符合生长速率假设.在3种程度La-Pb复合污染含量土壤上,AM真菌使玉米植株根部Pb含量显著增加了51.3%~67.7%,地上部Pb含量显著降低了16.0%~67.7%,Pb从玉米根部向地上部的转运率降低了31.5%~54.7%;同时,接种AM真菌显著增加了轻度LaPb复合污染土壤上玉米植株的La含量,在中度La-Pb复合污染土壤上却显著减少了玉米地上部的La含量,增加了玉米根部的La含量,抑制了La从根部向地上部的转运,重度La-Pb复合污染土壤上均没有显著影响.试验结果初步证明,AM真菌具有促进稀土-重金属复合污染土壤植物修复的潜力,对于稀土-重金属复合污染土壤生态系统的植被恢复具有潜在应用价值.

关 键 词:丛枝菌根真菌      吸收  转运
收稿时间:2017-02-11
修稿时间:2017-03-22

Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on the Growth and Uptake of La and Pb by Maize Grown in La and Pb-Contaminated Soil
CHANG Qing,GUO Wei,PAN Liang,WANG Qi-fan,ZHOU Xin-nan,YANG Liang and LI E. Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on the Growth and Uptake of La and Pb by Maize Grown in La and Pb-Contaminated Soil[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Science, 2017, 38(9): 3915-3926
Authors:CHANG Qing  GUO Wei  PAN Liang  WANG Qi-fan  ZHOU Xin-nan  YANG Liang  LI E
Affiliation:School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China,School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China,School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China,School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China,School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China,School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China and School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
Abstract:A greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi Claroideoglomus etunicatum (CE) and Rhizophagus intraradices (RI) on AM colonization rate, biomass, nutrient uptake, C:N:P stoichiometry, and the uptake and transport of lanthanum (La) and lead (Pb) by maize (Zea mays L.) grown in La-and Pb-contaminated soils (combined La-Pb concentrations of 50, 200, and 800 mg·kg-1). The aim was to provide a scientific basis for the remediation of soils contaminated by rare earth elements and heavy metals. The results indicated that symbiotic associations were successfully established between the two isolates and maize, and the average AM colonization rate ranged from 26.7% to 95.8%. The increasing concentrations of La and Pb in soils significantly decreased the mycorrhizal colonization rate, biomass, and mineral nutrition concentrations of the maize, and significantly increased C:P and N:P ratios and the concentrations of La and Pb in shoots and roots of maize. The shoot and root dry weights of maize were significantly increased by 17.8%-158.9% with two AM fungi inoculations, while the P concentration of shoots and roots of the maize were significantly increased by 24.5%-153.8%. Inoculation with two AM fungi decreased the C:P and N:P ratios, consistent with the growth rate hypothesis. With AM fungi inoculation in three types of La-Pb co-contaminated soils, root Pb concentrations of the maize significantly increased by 51.3%-67.7%; shoot Pb concentrations of the maize significantly decreased by 16.0%-67.7%; and the transport rate of Pb from root to shoot of the maize decreased by 31.5%-54.7%. Meanwhile, inoculation with AM fungi significantly increased the shoot La concentrations in the maize grown in soils mildly contaminated with La-Pb, while it significantly decreased shoot La concentrations, increased root La concentrations of maize, and inhibited the transport of La from root to shoot of the maize grown in soils moderately contaminated with La-Pb, but had no significant effect in severely contaminated soils. The results showed that AM fungi had the potential to promote phytoremediation of soils contaminated with rare earth elements and heavy metals, with potential applications to revegetate such contaminated soil ecosystems.
Keywords:arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi  La  Pb  uptake  transport
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