Paralytic shellfish poison in the “hiogi” scallop Chlamys nobilis |
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| Authors: | Y Nagashima Y Sato T Noguchi Y Fuchi K Hayashi K Hashimoto |
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| Institution: | (1) Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Fisheries, 108 Minato, Tokyo, Japan;(2) Laboratory of Marine Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture University of Tokyo, 113 Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan;(3) Institute of Environmental Pollution and Public Health, 870 Oita Prefecture; Oita, Japan |
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| Abstract: | Attempts were made to analyze the toxin composition of the toxic  hiogi scallop Chlamys nobilis. The toxins were partially purified from the digestive glands by column chromatography using Bio-Gel P-2 and Bio-Rex 70 (H+ form), resulting in separation into protogonyautoxin (PX), gonyautoxin (GTX) and saxitoxin (STX) fractions. Their total potencies were scored to be <100 mouse units (MU), 3200 MU and 3700 MU, respectively. A 5-min hydrolysis with 0.1 N HCl enhanced the potencies of PX and GTX fractions to 450 MU and 12000 MU respectively, whereas no enhancement occurred in the STX fraction at all. Electrophoretic, thin-layer chromatographic and high performance liquid chromatographic analyses demonstrated that the PX fraction consisted mainly of GTX8 and its epimer, the GTX fraction of GTX5, GTX6, along with two unidentified toxins, and the STX fraction exclusively of two unidentified toxins. This rather unique composition suggested a complex metabolism of PSP in this species. |
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