东部河网地区某饮用水厂运行效果分析及纳滤净化

为考察我国东部河网地区饮用水水质，本文以浙江某饮用水厂为研究对象，评估了水厂现有净水工艺(混凝-沉淀-炭砂过滤)对常规水质指标、金属离子、消毒副产物(DBPs)和微量有机污染物(TrOCs)等的控制效果，并基于小试实验探究了纳滤工艺对水质的提升情况。结果表明，水厂现有工艺处理后的出水能满足国家饮用水卫生标准要求，而纳滤工艺可显著提高部分常规指标以及富里酸、蛋白质类有机物的去除效果，减少50%以上的DBPs生成量。水厂原水和滤后水中检出了22种TrOCs，其中磺胺甲恶唑、美托洛尔、磺胺噻唑、咖啡因、阿替洛尔、诺氟沙星等的纳滤去除率为62%~100%。对于经济条件较好而水源微污染风险较高的东部河网地区，可以考虑以纳滤工艺为核心进行水厂升级改造，提升饮用水水质。

Performance analysis of a drinking water treatment plant in river-network regions of eastern China and water purification by nanofiltration

To understand the drinking water quality in Eastern China where a complex river network exists, this study investigated the control effects of regular water quality indice, metal ions, disinfection by-products and trace organic contaminants (TrOCs) by the current water purification process (coagulation-sedimentation-activated carbon/sand filtration) of a drinking water treatment plant in Zhejiang Province. Meanwhile, the efficacy of water quality improvement by nanofiltration was also evaluated based on the bench-scale tests. Results show that the produced water by the conventional drinking water treatment process could meet the national standards for drinking water quality, while the nanofiltration treatment significantly increased the removal rates of some regular water quality indice, fulvic acid and protein organics, and reduced over 50% generation of disinfection by-products. Twenty-two different TrOCs were detected in the raw water and activated carbon/sand-filtered water, and the removal rates of sulfamethoxazole, metoprolol, sulfathiazole, caffeine, atenolol and norfloxacin by nanofiltration ranged between 62%-100%. For drinking water treatment plants located in developed regions with a high risk of source water contamination by TrOCs, nanofiltration could be employed as the core treatment process to improve the treated water quality.