铁改性竹屑生物炭的添加对苦草 (Vallisneria spiralis)水质净化及其生理特性的影响

利用苦草水质净化模拟系统，通过循环批次实验考查在系统基质中添加3%的不同浓度FeCl₃改性竹屑生物炭对系统水质净化效果和苦草生理生化特性的影响。结果表明，栽种苦草提高了系统净化NH₄⁺-N、TN、TP、COD的效率。随着FeCl₃浓度的升高，系统净化NH₄⁺-N的效果增强，TN的效果影响不大，而COD、TP的效果降低。添加3%的0.10 mol·L⁻¹和0.20 mol·L⁻¹ FeCl₃改性竹屑生物炭抑制苦草生长及其光合作用，导致苦草体内过氧化物酶 (POD) 活性增强及丙二醛(MDA)含量升高，诱导了细胞脂质过氧化；添加3%的0.05 mol·L⁻¹ FeCl₃改性竹屑生物炭，促进苦草根系生长，提升苦草根系活力。低浓度(0.05 mol·L⁻¹)FeCl₃改性竹屑生物炭在强化水质净化，促进苦草生长恢复具有一定的应用潜力。

Effect of adding iron-modified bamboo biochar on water purification and physiological characteristics of Vallisneria spiralis

In this study, a simulation system of water purification planted with Vallisneria spiralis was used to investigate the effect of adding 3% ration of bamboo biochar modified with different concentrations FeCl3 to the system as substrate on the water purification efficiency, physiological and biochemical characteristics of Vallisneria spiralis. The results showed that planting Vallisneria spiralis improved the purification effect of NH4+-N, TN, TP and COD in the system. With the increase of FeCl3 concentration, NH4+-N removal effect by the system increased, slight TN removal effect occurred, while the removal effects of COD and TP decreased. The addition of 3% ratio of bamboo biochar modified with 0.10 mol·L−1, 0.20 mol·L−1 FeCl3 could inhibit the growth and photosynthesis of Vallisneria spiralis, resulting in the increase of peroxidase (POD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in Vallisneria spiralis, and inducing cell lipid peroxidation. The addition of 3% biochar modified with 0.05 mol·L−1 FeCl3 could promote the roots growth of Vallisneria spiralis and enhance the root activity of Vallisneria spiralis. The addition of biochar modified with low concentration (0.05 mol·L−1) FeCl3 has a certain application potential in strengthening water purification and promoting the growth and recovery of Vallisneria spiralis.