双碳背景下污染场地修复策略与技术前景

我国承诺在2030年实现碳达峰，2060年实现碳中和的目标。在此“双碳”背景下，我国场地修复行业的目标已从单纯追求效率，转变为低碳减排与高效修复并重。这一转变对未来的污染场地修复提出了新的要求，即需要全面融入低碳环境服务过程，注重风险管控、原位治理和节能降耗等。因此，在设计具体的修复路线时，应尽量实现修复过程节能降耗减排、逸散性温室气体排放控制和修复后土壤资源化利用等目标。基于这些要求，传统的原位热脱附技术将面临降低能耗的严苛挑战，多相抽提技术将面临设备节能降耗挑战，增溶脱附技术将面临材料研发绿色节能挑战，土壤淋洗技术将面临药剂绿色挑战等。为实现将低碳目标贯彻污染场地修复过程这一目的，针对性的措施和技术包括：技术装备的低碳运行、使用人工智能修复装备、碳排放智能监测计算、场地大数据分析技术、可持续原位生物修复技术、原位风险阻隔技术、多参数实时原位监测技术和土壤生态碳汇技术等。上述方面的优化和转型升级将有望成为未来污染场地修复中新装备及新技术的发展方向。

Strategies and technology prospects for contaminated site remediation in carbon peak and carbon neutrality vision

China has committed to hitting carbon peak emission by 2030 and reaching carbon neutrality by 2060. Under the ‘dual carbon’ background, the direction of China’s site remediation industry has transformed from simply pursuing efficiency to emphasizing both carbon emission reduction and efficient remediation. This transition puts forward new demands for future remediation of contaminated sites, namely, it is necessary to fully integrate into the low-carbon environmental service process, focus on risk control, in-situ treatment, energy conservation and consumption reduction. Therefore, specific restoration routes should be designed to achieve as much as possible: energy saving and emission reduction in the remediation process, emission control of escaped greenhouse gases, or resource utilization of soil after remediation. Based on these requirements, the traditional in-situ thermal desorption technology will face the severe challenge of reducing energy consumption, the multiphase extraction technology will face challenges of energy saving equipment, the solubilization desorption technology will face the challenge of developing green materials, and soil leaching technology will face the challenge of developing green agents. To achieve low-carbon goals in the polluted site remediation process, targeted measures and technologies include: low-carbon operation of the environmental remediation facilities, use of artificial intelligence remediation equipment, intelligent monitoring and calculation of carbon footprint, field data analysis technology, sustainable in-situ bioremediation technology, in-situ risk barrier technology, multi-parameter real-time in-situ monitoring technology, and soil ecological carbon sink technology. The optimization, transformation and upgrading of the above aspects will be the development direction of new equipment and technology for contaminated site’s remediation in the future.