论民国时期河南灾荒的社会成因

民国年间河南灾荒现象异常突出，虽与当时整体气候背景及河南特殊的地理特征相关，但灾荒背后的社会原因更应引起我们的关注。其主要表现为：一、社会经济乏力，百姓抗灾能力低；二、政治腐败，体现在政府的赋税名目繁多、政府官员失职渎职以及挪用、贪污河防公款等几个方面；三、战争与灾荒；四、帝国主义列强对中国的残酷掠夺。

On the Contributing Social Factors of Famine in Henan in the Period of the Republic of China

There were too many phenomena of famine in Henan in the Period of the Republic of China. Although this was related to the holistic ecology and peculiar geographical characters, we still need to pay more attention to the social factors. And this was manifested in several aspects. First, people lacked abilities to wrestle with famine due to execrable economic situations. Second, there were corruptions in the government such as various kinds of taxes and negligence and pretermission of duty of the officials. Third, wars and natural disasters took place. Finally, the imperialist invaders plundered in China.