An experimental study on the burning rate of a continuously released n-heptane spill fire on an open water surface |
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| Affiliation: | 1. State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, JinZhai Road 96, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China;2. Institute of Advanced Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230088, China;1. Institute of Public Safety Research, Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Safety and Control for Chemicals, SINOPEC Research Institute of Safety Engineering, Qingdao, China;3. Department of Chemical System Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan;1. Institute of Public Safety Research, Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China;2. School of Mechanical and Transportation Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Beijing, 102249, China;1. School of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China;2. Anhui International Joint Research Center on Hydrogen Safety, Hefei, 230009, China;3. State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China |
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| Abstract: | Spill fires are common during oil product storage and transportation after a loss of containment. Since the burning fuel is moving and the fuel depth is quite shallow, the burning rate in a spill fire is different from that of a pool fire with a static burning zone. Unlike pool fires, which have been studied for decades and have well-established correlations for burning rate, research on spill fires is inadequate. In this paper, continuously released n-heptane spill fire experiments were conducted on open water surfaces with varying fuel discharge rates. The pool diameters were measured, and the spill fire burning rates were estimated based on a dynamic balance between fuel supply and combustion. The burning rates in n-heptane pool fires from the literature were reviewed and compared with the estimated burning rates in spill fires of the same dimension. The spill fire burning rate was found to be close to that in a pool fire during the initial burning phase but lower than that in a bulk burning pool fire and that in a “fuel-level-controlled” pool fire. The distinction between the burning rates of spill fires and pool fires is explained by the heat balance analysis of the fuel layer. A model for the spill fire burning rate was proposed accordingly. The results calculated with the presented model are closer to the measured data than those calculated with pool fire models. |
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| Keywords: | Burning rate Spill fire Pool fire Heat balance |
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