电动轮自卸车事故分析与监控系统研究

电动轮自卸车是集发动机、发电机、电动机、液压系统、电控系统于一体的大型运输车辆,发生安全事故会造成重大损失。笔者对造成事故的人为因素和设备因素进行了研究,并用故障树对电动轮起火事故作了较详细的分析,确定了造成事故的重要因素。在此基础上设计了基于CAN总线的安全监控系统。该系统以单片计算机为核心,采用模块化结构,组成控制器局域网络,进行分布式控制。监控系统由硬件系统和软件系统两部分构成。对发电机、电动机、发动机进行技术状态监测的同时监测驾驶员的疲劳状态和违章操作情况,可以减少由人为因素和设备因素造成的安全生产事故。对大型工矿设备的安全技术保障有一定的借鉴作用。

Analysis of Accidents Caused by Tip Lorry with Electric-driven Wheels and Study of Monitoring System

The tip lorry with electric-driven wheels is the big transportation truck incorporated with engine, electric generator, electromotor, hydraulic pressure system and automatic control system into an organic unit, its accident once occurs would lead to great loss. Both human factors and the equipment factors causing the accident are studied. The fault tree is used to analyze the fire caused by electric-driven wheels in detail, and the important factors causing the accident are determined. It is on this basis that a safety monitoring system based on CAN bus is designed. The system uses single-chip computer as the microprocessor control unit; and the controller area network is built in modular construction and designed as distributive control. The monitoring system consists of hardware and software systems. The system monitors the states of engine, electric generator and electromotor, as well as the fatigue of the driver and incorrect driving operations to prevent any accident caused by either human factors or equipment factors. This design of monitoring system is referable in designing safety monitoring of other large installation.