硝酸甲胺反应过程的安全性研究

用反应量热仪(RC1e)对硝酸溶液与一甲胺溶液在反应过程中的热安定性进行初步研究,分别测试不同反应温度、加料速度和初始硝酸浓度下反应的放热情况。实验结果表明:该中和过程反应迅速,在室温就能进行;与反应温度、加料速度相比,起始硝酸浓度对反应安全性影响最大,且硝酸浓度越高,反应的速度和反应的完全程度也越高。实验还表明:RC1e是研究反应过程中热安定性情况的有效工具,能通过反应过程的热量变化体现反应速率,所得结果对硝酸甲胺的工业化生产具有重要的参考价值。

Study on the Safety Synthesis of Methylamine Nitrate

Thermal safety during the reaction of methylamine solution and nitric acid was studied by reaction calorimeter (RC1e), and some thermal parameters under the condition of different reaction temperature, feeding velocity of methylamine solution and initial concentration of nitric acid were obtained. Experimental result showed that this neutralization could be performed rapidly on room temperature; compared with reaction temperature and feeding velocity, initial concentration of nitric acid was the biggest to influence the reaction safety, and the higher the concentration is, the quicker and the more complete the reaction was. It was also found that RC1e was an effective tool for the research of thermal safety during reaction process, by which reaction rate can be reflected through the heat change during reaction process. The results from RC1e experiments will be of a good reference to the production of methylamine nitrate.