长江中下游城市水生态环境综合整治对策与路线图

为提升我国长江中下游城市水生态环境质量，以该地区65个地级市为研究对象，总结城市水资源、水环境、水生态现状，并进行相应的问题解析。结果表明：长江中下游地区城市用水量大、再生水利用率低导致水资源压力较大；污水排放量大、工业污染严重、管网及污水处理厂效能较差、地表径流污染负荷大、水动力不足、水体连通性受阻、湖泊面积萎缩等原因导致城市水体水质较差、水生态功能退化、湖泊富营养化。基于城市水生态环境问题解析的结果，确定地区城市水生态环境近期(2021—2025年)、中期(2026—2030年)和远期(2031—2035年)3个阶段的目标，提出各阶段对应的水资源、水环境、水生态等方面的水生态环境综合整治对策和路线图。

SOLUTIONS AND ROADMAP FOR COMPREHENSIVE REMEDIATION OF WATER ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT IN URBAN AREAS OF THE MIDDLE AND LOWER REACHES OF THE YANGTZE RIVER

In order to improve the quality of the water ecological environment in the urban area of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, 65 prefecture-level cities in this area were studied and analyzed to clarify the current situations of urban waters from the perspectives of water resources, water quality and aquatic ecology, and to identify problems with urban waters. The results show that the pressure on the water resource is high and still increasing, due to the large quantity of water consumed in the urban areas and the low utilization rate of reclaimed water. The poor quality of urban waters, the degradation of aquatic ecology, and the eutrophication of urban lakes are due to a series of reasons, including the large quantity of sewage and industrial wastewater discharged, the sewer networks in bad maintenance and conditions, the low efficient sewage treatment plants, the heavy runoff pollution loading, the insufficient hydrodynamics, the pror connectivity between waterbodies, and the shrinking lake area, etc. Based on the problem analysis of the urban water ecological environment, the comprehensive remediation of urban waters in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River was divided into three 5-year terms, i.e., the first term (2021—2025), the second term (2026—2030) and the third term (2031—2035), and the objectives, as well as the solutions and roadmap of each stage were proposed correspondingly.