首都国际机场航空器排放清单的计算分析

基于微脉冲激光雷达提取的混合层高度与首都机场的实际运行数据，采用美国EPA方法，更准确的估算了2016年首都国际机场航空器排放清单.结果表明：在航空器起飞着陆（LTO）循环排放的各种污染物中，NO_x和CO排放量最多，分别占排放总量的53.3%和38.5%.滑行阶段和爬升阶段的排放总量较多，占排放总量的49.7%和25.7%.滑行阶段是航空器排放CO、SO_x、HC和PM的主要阶段.在滑行阶段的主要排放物是CO和NO_x，分别占滑行阶段排放总量的71.7%和17.2%.混合层高度变化对航空器排放的NO_x与CO影响最大，对SO_x、HC与PM影响较小.在所有的起降航班机型中，A320对排放影响最小，B77W影响最大.航空器场面滑行时间是影响污染物排放量的一个非常重要的因素.优化航空器滑行效率，减少滑行时间，对减少机场排放量会有非常积极的作用.

Study an analysis of aircraft emission inventory for Beijing Capital International Airport

An accurate and comprehensive estimation of aircraft emissions during the landing and take-off (LTO) cycle in Beijing Capital International Airport in 2016 was provided in this paper by employing the US EPA method based on the actual operational data of the airport and mixed layer height obtained from lidar. It was shown that more NO_x and CO than other pollutants was emitted by aircrafts during the LTO cycle, taking up 53.3% and 38.5% of the total emissions, respectively. Moreover, among all the phases of the LTO cycle, taxiing and climbing produced the most amount of emissions, accounting for 49.7% and 25.7% of the total emissions, respectively. Furthermore, most of CO, SO_x, HC and PM emissions took place during the taxiing phase. The primary pollutants produced in the taxiing phase are CO (71.7%) and NO_x (17.2%).In addition, the height of mixed layer had a significant effect on the emissions of NO_x and CO, and the effect was much weaker for SO_x, HC and PM. In terms of aircraft type, A320 and B77W respectively contributed the least and most emissions. Finally, taxiing time played a critical role in aircraft emissions. The optimization of planning and operation that aims to improve the taxiing efficiency holds promise to significantly reduce airport emissions.