浅论建筑消防安全性能化评估技术

建筑消防安全性能化设计以其灵活性、科学性、经济性和有效性等优点受到了国际社会越来越多的重视,并在很多国家得到了应用。性能化评估作为性能化设计的核心环节,直接关系到性能化设计方案的成败。如何进行性能化评估,如何对性能化设计方案的评价和论证,如何设定相应的消防安全性能评估程序等等问题,都值得深入探讨。从建筑消防安全性能化设计的优点及其评估的重要性入手,从性能化评估的作用和必要性出发,深入分析了建筑消防安全性能化评估与性能化设计的关系;探讨了建筑消防安全性能化评估的步骤、流程、判定标准及其量化指标;并对国际上常用于性能化评估的3种典型的火灾风险评估模型进行了详细对比分析,并提出了进行性能化评估时需注意的一些关键问题。

Preliminary Discussion on Performance-based Assessment of Fire Fighting for Buildings

Performance-based design of fire fighting for buildings is paid more and more attention globally due to its flexibility, scientific and economic pro perty, and effectiveness, and is being applied by many countries. The performanc e-base assessment as the core link in performance-based design is directly cor re lated with the existence of the performance-based design protocol. How to proce e d the performance-based assessment, how to evaluate and validate the performanc e -based design protocol, and how to set relevant evaluation procedure of fire fi g hting safety are issues worthy to be probed into. The relationship between perfo rmance-based assessment and performance-based design is analyzed in-depth fro m p oint of views of the merits and importance of performance-based design, and fro m the effect and necessity of performance-based assessment. The steps, procedure , accreditation criteria and quantifying indexes of performance-based assessment of fire fighting for buildings are also discussed. Three models generally used b y other countries on the world for assessing fire risk are compared and analyzed in detail. Some important precautions need to be noticed during performance-ba sed assessment are suggested.