城市固体废物的焚烧实验

 稳定均匀的燃烧温度是确保减少垃圾焚烧系统大气污染物排放量的一个重要因素.采用内旋流流化床(ICFB)进行了城市生活垃圾焚烧实验,探讨了不同的布风速度、垃圾焚烧量、流化床浓相区高度和不同种类垃圾对焚烧稳定性的影响,并给出了流化床内部温度和CO、NO_X、SO₂等大气污染物的浓度变化.内旋流流化床采用非均匀布风,低速风的移动区尚未流化时,浓相区温度存在一定的不均匀性,低速风区流速超过2倍初始流化速度后,浓相区温度是均匀一致的;流化床的床料具有较好的蓄热能力,较厚的床层有利于提高燃烧的稳定性,可减少垃圾给料和垃圾热值的波动对燃烧温度造成的不利影响;垃圾的焚烧效果与垃圾的热值有直接关系,焚烧低热值垃圾时,为了提高焚烧温度并达到较好的排放指标,需要增加一定量辅助燃料进行助燃;内旋流流化床在燃烧稳定性以及燃烧温度控制上具有一定优势.

The experimental of incineration of municipal solid waste

Stable and even combustion temperature is one of important factors to decrease the emission of air pollutants from incineration system. The incineration experiment of municipal solid waste(MSW) has been completed in the internal circulating fluidized bed (ICFB). The influeuce of different velocity of fluidized air distribution, amount of waste, height of bed and type of waste on the incineration stability has been studied, and the internal temperature and the concentration of air pollutants such as CO, NOX, SO2 in the ICFB have been given. The ICFB adopts the uneven distribution of fluidized air; so its temperature is uneven when the moving bed with low air velocity is not fluidized, and is invariable when the air velocity is over 2.0umf . The particles in fluidized bed have good ability of heat accumulation; thus the com-bustion stability with thick particle deepness is better with less unfavorable influence from the fluctucation of the supply and heating value of MSW. The heating value of MSW has direct influence on the incineration effect. The assistant fuel is necessary to raise incineration temperature and to attain better emission indexes when the heating value of MSW is low. The ICFB has definite priority in controlling the temperature and stability of the combus.