基于能力谱的建筑物震害评估及城市抗震规划

为减轻地震建筑物破坏带来的人员伤亡和经济损失,根据能力谱方法计算7度和8度地震影响下建筑物的破坏状态,在此基础上进行城市抗震规划。首先把城市建筑物分成钢筋混凝土、砌体、钢框架及木结构4类;然后利用能力谱方法得到建筑物各种损坏状态的概率及震害指数;最后提出抗震规划措施,在GIS环境下可视化表达建筑物震害分级图。结果表明,中层小于低层和高层建筑物的震害指数;对低层和中层建筑物,钢筋混凝土的抗震能力较强。7度地震时,未设防和低设防建筑物的震害指数在0.5和1.0之间,轻微破坏;部分中等设防和高设防建筑物的震害指数小于0.5,基本完好。8度地震时,4类建筑物的震害指数在0.5～1.0之间,轻微破坏。进行城市抗震规划后,建筑物受7度地震影响时基本完好,受8度地震影响时轻微破坏。

Application of Capacity Spectrum in Building Damage State Assessment and Urban Earthquake Disaster Mitigation Planning

In order to mitigate casualties and economic losses by the destruction of buildings in earthquake,capacity spectrum was used to calculate the probability of building damage states when the earthquake degree were seven and eight,and urban earthquake disaster mitigation was planned.First,buildings were divided into reinforced concrete,masonry,steel frame and wood.Then the capacity spectrum was used to obtain the probability of building damage states and damage index.Subsequently,earthquake disaster mitigation planning measures were proposed and the damage states of buildings were described by damage index in the GIS environment.The assessment results show that the damage index of middle-rise buildings is lower than low-rise and high-rise buildings.For the low-rise and middle-rise buildings,reinforced concrete buildings have great performance in earthquake.When the earthquake degree is seven,buildings with low-standard anti-seismic design or no anti-seismic design have a damage index between 0.5 and 1.0,and there will be slight damage.However,there will be no damage with some moderate-standard and high-standard anti-seismic buildings because the damage index is between 0 and 0.5.When the earthquake degree is eight,four categories of buildings will be slight damaged because the damage index is between 0.5 and 1.0.If the urban earthquake disaster mitigation planning is conducted on the buildings,there will be no damage when the earthquake degree is seven,and slight damage when the earthquake degree is eight.