酵母菌对锕系核素239Pu的富集行为及减量化研究 |
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引用本文: | 聂小琴,董发勤,刘宁,刘明学,张东,李晓安.酵母菌对锕系核素239Pu的富集行为及减量化研究[J].环境科学研究,2022,35(8):1827-1835. |
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作者姓名: | 聂小琴 董发勤 刘宁 刘明学 张东 李晓安 |
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作者单位: | 1.西南科技大学,核废物与环境安全国防重点学科实验室,四川 绵阳 621010 |
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基金项目: | 国家自然科学基金项目(No.41877323);国家卫生健康委员会核技术医学转化重点实验室开放课题 (No.2021HYX004) |
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摘 要: | 为了探究微生物对锕系核素的提取分离性能,利用化学预处理和湿法消解法,初步研究了模式微生物——酵母菌(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)对中高放废液中主要锕系核素239Pu的富集减量效果研究. 结果表明:①pH=5时,活体及灭活酵母菌对239Pu的最佳吸附率均可高达99%,富集239Pu后,酵母菌经灰化处理可减量97%以上. ②经脱蛋白和脱乙酰化学预处理后,酵母菌对239Pu的吸附能力明显下降. ③随着作用时间的延长,239Pu进入胞内的比例逐渐增加,吸附96 h时,约75.64%的239Pu络合在细胞表面,约24.36%的239Pu以稳定形式在胞内外赋存;经过6批次酵母菌吸附,239Pu(Ⅲ)的放射性活度浓度从7.35×106 Bq/L梯次递降至2.30×103 Bq/L. ④针对真实中放废液,2次酵母菌吸附后,总α放射性活度浓度可降低2个数量级,总β和总γ放射性活度浓度均仅降低10%左右. 研究显示,利用酵母菌等微生物对放射性废液中锕系核素239Pu的提取和分离是可能的.
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关 键 词: | 酵母菌 239Pu 吸附富集 梯次递降 |
收稿时间: | 2021-10-08 |
Enrichment and Reduction of 239Pu in High and Moderate Radioactive Waste Liquid by Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
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Abstract: | In order to explore the extraction and separation performance of actinide nuclide by microorganism, the enrichment and reduction effect of model microorganism Saccharomyces cerevisiae on 239Pu of actinide nuclide in medium-high discharge waste liquor was preliminarily studied by chemical pretreatment and wet digestion method. The results showed that more than 99% of 239Pu removal could be achieved at pH 5 by living and dead S. cerevisiae with a microbial volume reduction of 97% after the ashing treatment. The adsorption ability was reduced significantly the 239Pu biosorption capacity of S. cerevisiae with deproteinization and deacetylation treatment. The wet digestion results showed that about 75.64% of 239Pu was complexed on the cell surface, while the remaining 24.36% was stabilized either inside or outside the cell after 96 h. The radioactivity of 239Pu(Ⅲ) was reduced from 7.35×106 Bq/L to 2.30×103 Bq/L after six rounds of batch adsorption of of S. cerevisiae biosorption. The total alpha radioactivity of the real medium radioactive liquid waste could be reduced by 2 orders of magnitude with more than 98% removal of the actinide nuclide content after two rounds of S. cerevisiae biosorption. However, total beta and gamma radioactivity was only be reduced by less than 10%. The presented results indicate that bio-adsorbents such as S. cerevisiae can potentially be used to extract and separate actinides from the real radioactive wastewater. |
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