入境旅游流空间格局演化及大都市旅游高质量发展——以上海市为例

入境旅游是大都市国际化发展的重要指标，是相关研究的重点领域。通过对上海市入境旅游数字足迹大样本数据信息挖掘与分析，探索大都市入境旅游流空间格局与演化特征，分析都市旅游资源高质量开发与发展的路径及对策。研究结果表明：（1）上海市入境旅游流总体上呈现高中心集聚，空间密度由核心向外围逐次递减分布。在主城区围绕CBD/RBD、核心吸引物、文体场馆、特色街区及交通枢纽集聚，并绵延成片；在外围区围绕旅游吸引物集聚，呈“小集聚，大分散”的分布特征。（2）跨区域模式是入境旅游流的主要空间行为轨迹模式，呈现由中心向外围放射的中心扩散主导特征。（3）入境旅游流整体网络核心与边缘节点间的等级及联接程度差异大，但随着时间的推移，网络规模不断扩大，网络结构呈现持续优化与均衡发展的态势。（4）新世界、田子坊等文创旅游节点在整体网络结构中的等级和中心性持续提升，世博遗产的中华艺术宫对网络结构影响显著，集聚扩散功能日益增强。（5）依托地域文化资源进行创意开发并形成有效集聚；充分利用大事件影响，进行主题开发，整合边缘节点与区域资源，打造网络增长新空间；强化公共体系建设，联动核心边缘节点等，是推动区域旅游高质量发展的有效路径与策略。研究可为大都市旅游空间格局优化、重大事件旅游开发与高质量发展提供理论指导和实践借鉴。

Evolution of spatial pattern of inbound tourism flows and enlightenment of high-quality development of metropolitan tourism: A case stady of Shanghai

Inbound tourism is an important indicator of the international development of a metropolis as well as a focus of related research. Modern means are used to explore the spatial pattern and evolution of inbound tourism flows, and analyze the path and countermeasures of high-quality development and utilization of urban tourism resources by mining the digital footprint information of large samples of inbound tourism in Shanghai. It is found that: (1) The inbound tourism flows in Shanghai generally present a high concentration of centers, and the spatial density is decreasing from the core to the periphery. In the main urban areas, the inbound tourism flows cluster around CBD/RBD, core attractions, cultural and sports venues, distinctive neighborhoods and transport hubs, and stretch into patches; in the peripheral areas, they cluster around tourism attractions, with a distribution characterized by "small clustering and large dispersion". (2) The cross-regional pattern is the main spatial behavioral trajectory of inbound tourism flows in Shanghai, showing a central diffusion dominant characteristic radiating from the centre to the periphery. (3) The core and peripheral nodes of the overall network of inbound tourism flows vary greatly in terms of rank and connectivity, but over time, the scale of the network continues to expand and the structure of the network shows a continuous optimization and balanced development. (4) The rank and centrality of cultural and creative tourism nodes such as New World and Tianzifang continue to increase in the network structure, and the Expo heritage Chinese Art Palace has a significant impact on the network structure, with increasing agglomeration and diffusion functions. (5) Based on the analysis above, the paths and countermeasures are proposed for creative development and forming effective clusters relying on regional cultural resources; making full use of the influence of major events for thematic development, integrating edge nodes and regional resources to create new spaces for network growth; and strengthening the construction of public systems and linking core-edge nodes to promote the high-quality development of regional tourism. The study can provide theoretical guidance for the high-quality development of urban tourism, and give reference for the high-quality development of tourism in similar major events such as the Winter Olympics.