CANON工艺短程硝化恢复调控及微生物种群结构变化

以短程硝化恶化的全程自养脱氮工艺（CANON）污泥为研究对象，在间歇曝气序批式反应器（SBR）中开展自养脱氮运行效果的恢复调控研究，并基于微生物群落结构变化探究微生物调控机理.结果表明，高氨氮（NH₄⁺-N ≥300mg/L）和调节曝停比至1：3，可有效抑制亚硝酸盐氧化菌（NOB）.稳定后期，亚硝酸盐氧化率（NOR）逐渐降至2.30g N/（m³·h），ΔNO₃^--N/ΔNH₄⁺-N逐渐降至0.13，总氮去除率（TNRR）提高到0.35kg N/（m³·d），后延长厌氧段时间至90min，可使NOR进一步下降接近0.16S rDNA高通量测序结果表明，从恢复阶段初到稳定阶段，检测到NOB主要菌属为Nitrospira，其相对丰度从3.96%降至0.64%，Candidatus_Jettenia菌属（属于厌氧氨氧化菌（AnAOB））相对丰度从46.68%上升至49.98%.可见，通过短期提高进水氨氮浓度可使NOB得到有效抑制，并逐渐被淘汰，使AnAOB得到富集，AOB相对丰度稳态，CANON系统得到恢复.

The recovery regulation of a CANON system and variations in the microbial community

A recovery reregulation was adopted for a completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) system, for which the shortcut nitrification process deteriorated. The evolution of the microbial construct was evaluated by 16S rDNA sequencing technology during the recovery regulation period, paying special attention to nitrifiers and anammox bacteria. The high concentration of NH₄⁺-N (over 300mg/L) and extending the ratio of aeration/non-aeration to 1:3could effectively inhibit nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB). In the later period of the stable phases, the nitrite-oxidizing rate (NOR) and ΔNO₃^--N/ΔNH₄⁺-N decreased to 2.30g N/(m³·h) and 0.13respectively; while, the total nitrogen removal rate (TNRR) gradually increased to 0.35kg N/(m³·d). Then, extending the non-aeration time to 90min reduced NOR to nearly zero. The results of 16S rDNA gene high-throughput sequencing indicated that the relative abundance of Nitrospira, the major bacteria of NOB, decreased from 3.96% to 0.64%, and the relative abundance of Candidatus_Jettenia, the major bacteria of anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AnAOB), increased to 49.98% from 46.68%. Our findings elucidated that increasing the influent concentration of ammonia nitrogen can inhibit and eliminate NOB effectively, making AnAOB get enrichment and favoring CANON system recovery.