狐尾藻在不同营养底泥腐解过程中胡敏酸的变化

采用平行因子分析方法，结合紫外吸收光谱、三维荧光光谱以及傅里叶变换红外光谱技术，研究了沉水植物狐尾藻在低、中、高营养底泥腐解过程中胡敏酸（HA）的变化，进一步揭示了不同营养底泥对沉水植物腐解的影响机制.结果表明，底泥营养水平越高，狐尾藻腐解得越快（P<0.05），释放出更多的溶解性有机碳（DOC）、溶解性总氮（DTN）、溶解性总磷（DTP）和腐殖质；底泥营养程度与HA的疏水性、分子复杂性、分子量大小呈正相关（P<0.05）；荧光鉴别出不同营养底泥HA都含有1种类蛋白质组分C2和2种类富里酸组分C1、C3，且类富里酸组分和类蛋白质组分在不同腐解条件下具有相似的组分特征；不同营养底泥不同时间提取的HA红外图谱较为相似，表明不同腐解条件不同时间提取的HA含有相似的官能团，狐尾藻腐烂高营养底泥组提取的HA含有更多的芳香性物质和有机磷.采用光谱分析法对狐尾藻腐烂分解HA成分的化学结构特征进行系统的研究，可深入了解不同营养底泥对沉水植物腐解的影响机制，为湖泊水环境生态治理和修复提供理论参考.

Changes of humic acid in the process of decomposition of Myriophyllum spicatum

Humic acid (HA) of submerged plant Myriophyllum spicatum was studied by parallel factor analysis method, combined with UV absorption spectroscopy, three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The change of HA in low, medium and high nutrient sediments revealed the mechanism of the effects of different nutrient sediments on the decomposing of submerged plants. The results showed that the higher was the nutrient level of the sediment, the faster was the decomposing of the foxtail algae (P<0.05), releasing more dissolved organic carbon (DOC), dissolved total nitrogrn (DTN), dissolved total phosphorus (DTP) and humus; The degree of nutrient of the sediment was positively correlated with the hydrophobicity, molecular complexity of and the molecular weight (P<0.05); HA of different nutrient sediments were identified by fluorescence containing one kind of protein component C2 and two kinds of fulvic acid components C1, C3, while fulvic acid-like components and protein-like components had similar component characteristics under different decomposition conditions; HA extracted from different nutrient sediments analyzed by infrared spectra was similar at different times, indicating that HA extracted at different decomposition conditions and times contains similar functional groups, and the extracted HA from the foxtail algae rot high nutrient sediment group contained more aromatic substances and organic phosphorus. The higher was the nutrient level of the sediment, the more beneficial was to the enrichment and sedimentation of phosphorus. The chemical structure of humic acid components in the decomposition of Myriophyllum spicatum by spectral analysis was systematically analyzed. The results can provide a theoretical reference for the ecological management and restoration of lake water environment, and for in-depth understanding of the influence mechanism of different nutrient sediments on the decomposing of submerged plants.