联苯代谢对微生物的生长胁迫及分裂抑制

以联苯/多氯联苯降解菌株R04（Rhodococcus sp.R04）和几种模式微生物为研究对象,利用高效液相色谱、荧光显微镜、扫描电子显微镜等分析微生物在联苯及其代谢物培养条件下细胞分裂和形态的变化.结果表明联苯及其代谢产物对红球菌R04和几种模式微生物细胞的分裂有抑制作用,并对部分微生物形态有影响.与前体-联苯及其代谢产物2-羟基-6-酮基-6-苯基-2,4-己二烯酸相比,2,3-二羟基联苯对G⁺、G^-细菌,或是酵母细胞分裂都有较强的抑制和形态的改变.2,3-二羟基联苯导致R.R04和缺陷型R.R04细胞形成不完整隔膜的比例增加;造成96.4%的大肠杆菌BL21细胞表面凹陷,胞质内容物流失,菌体体积缩小;导致枯草芽孢杆菌89.6%的细胞体积明显缩小;导致金黄色葡萄球菌基本没有细胞能形成完整的分裂隔膜;导致红酵母细胞能进行出芽生殖的比例从64.2%降低到19.3%,但对其细胞形态无明显改变.联苯代谢物2,3-二羟基联苯对红球菌R04及其它微生物细胞分裂和增殖的抑制作用比其前体-联苯强,建议在研究环境化合物与微生物互作时,应考虑环境化合物代谢的毒性效应.

Growth stress and division inhibition of biphenyl metabolism on microorganisms

The biphenyl/polychlorinated biphenyl degrading strain R04 (Rhodococcus sp. R04) and several model microorganisms were used as the research objects. Cell division and morphological changes of biphenyl/polychlorinated biphenyl degrading strain R04 were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography, fluorescence microscopy and scanning electron microscopy under the conditions of biphenyl and its metabolites culture. The results showed that the division of Rhodococcus sp. R04 and several model microbial cells were inhibited under biphenyl and its metabolites culture conditions, and some microbial cells morphology were affected. Compared with the precursor-biphenyl and its metabolite 2-hydroxy-6-keto-6-phenyl-2, 4-hexadienoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxybenzene has stronger inhibition and morphological change on G⁺, G^- bacteria or Rhodotorula cell division. The proportion of R.R04 cells and defective R.R04 cells forming incomplete septum was increased under the condition of 2,3-dihydroxybenzene culture. It caused that 96.4% of E. coli BL21 cells surface was dented, cytoplasmic content was lost and bacterial body volume was shrunk. It caused that 89.6% of Bacillus subtilis cells was shrunk significantly. The phenomenon that Staphylococcus aureus has almost no cells to form a complete septum was caused. The percentage of Rhodotorula cells that could germinate and reproduce was decreased from 64.2% to 19.3%, but there was no significant change in cell morphology. Biphenyl metabolite 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl has strongly inhibitory effect on cell division and proliferation of Rhodococcus sp. R04 and other microorganisms than its precursor-biphenyl, and it is suggested that the toxic effect of environmental compounds metabolism should be considered when the interaction between environmental compounds and microorganisms.