基于排污量分配的流域生态补偿标准研究

为体现“差异性公平”,本研究通过构建流域排污量分配指标体系及分配模式,采用熵权法确定分配指标的权重,根据不同地区的分配比例,结合流域可分配排污量,确定流域内不同地区分配排污量.以闽江流域为例,对流域内各个地区2010~2019年的排污量进行分配,根据排污量分配情况分别测算2010~2019年闽江流域生态补偿标准.结果表明,福州地区实际COD排放量均高于理论COD排放量,其超量排放范围分别为871~20857t;南平地区除2010年的实际COD排放量略高于理论COD排放量外,其余年份均低于理论COD排放量;三明地区实际COD排放量均低于理论COD排放量,其损失的排放量范围分别为1479~12507t.2010~2019年福州地区需要支付的生态补偿额度分别为1175~28139万元;南平地区除2010年需要支付生态补偿外(补偿值为821万元),其余年份均获得其他地区的生态补偿,补偿值分别为1253~13157万元;三明地区获得生态补偿额度分别为1996~16874万元.

Research on the ecological compensation standard for river basin based on pollutant allocation

In order to reflected "difference fairness", we used the information entropy method to build the pollutant allocation index system and allocation model of a basin. Based on the allocation ratio of different areas and the total pollutant allocation in a basin, the quantity of pollutant allocation in different areas within a basin were determined. Taking the Minjiang River Basin as a case study, the ecological compensation standards values of the water environment from 2010 to 2019 were calculated based on the pollutant allocation in different areas of the Minjiang River Basin. The results showed that the actual COD discharges in Fuzhou city were higher 871 to 20857t than the theoretical COD discharges. Except for 2010, the value of COD discharges in Nanping city were lower than the theoretical COD discharges. The COD discharges in Sanming city were lower than the theoretical COD discharges, and the quantity of emission loss ranged from 1479 to 12507t. From 2010 to 2019, the number of ecological compensations in Fuzhou were 1175×10⁴~28139×10⁴ Yuan. Except for 2010, Nanping needed to pay ecological compensation (the compensation value was 821×10⁴ Yuan). In other years, Nanping should receive ecological compensation from other areas with the compensation values ranged from 1253 to 13157×10⁴ Yuan. Sanming should receive a ecological compensation values, ranging from 1996×10⁴ to 16874×10⁴ Yuan.