三氯卡班环境暴露对斑马鱼神经行为的影响

为了探究三氯卡班(TCC)对脊椎生物神经行为的干扰及机制, 以脊椎模式生物斑马鱼为研究对象, 分别评判了TCC亚致死剂量急性暴露对幼鱼的神经发育毒性及慢性暴露对成鱼神经行为的影响.结果表明: TCC亚致死剂量急性暴露造成斑马鱼胚胎及幼鱼自主运动活力减少, 对声光刺激的敏感程度下降.吖啶橙凋亡染色表明, TCC诱导幼鱼头肾、脑部和眼睛等多部位发生细胞过度凋亡.通过扫描电镜观察, 侧线神经丘形态畸形, 发育受到抑制, 毛细胞团数量减少且排列紊乱.成鱼行为学试验结果显示, TCC长期暴露的成鱼过度焦虑及恐慌, 避险和警惕能力下降, 并表现出自闭, 不愿社交, 显著影响斑马鱼的记忆力、学习能力和辨别认知功能.

Effects of environmental exposure to triclocarban on the neurobehavior of zebrafish (Danio rerio)

To evaluate adverse effects of triclocarban (TCC) on vertebrate neurobehavior and their mechanisms, we explored the larval neurodevelopmental toxicity under acute exposure and the adult nervous behavior under chronic exposure by employing zebrafish (Danio rerio) as the model vertebrate. The results show that the TCC acute exposure at the sublethal dose resulted in a decrease in both the autonomous movement activity and the sensitivity to sound and light stimulation of embryonic and larval zebrafish. As indicated by Acridine orange apoptotic staining that TCC induced excessive cell apoptosis in the larval head, kidney, brain and eyes. A series of malformation symptoms were observed with scanning electron microscopy, such as deformed lateral line nerve muzzle, inhibited development, reduced number of hair cell clusters and disordered arrangement. The group of adult zebrafish under the long-term TCC-exposure were observed to suffer from excessive anxiety and panic, decreased risk aversion and vigilance, as well as autism and reluctance to social activity. Overall, TCC exposure can significantly affect zebrafish memory, learning ability and cognitive function.