长期饥饿后厌氧氨氧化工艺的运行及恢复性能研究

为研究如何快速恢复在突发状况下长期断流的厌氧氨氧化工艺的活性,比较分析了3个厌氧氨氧化反应器的脱氮性能及微生物种群变化.分别为R1(生物滤柱)、R2(膜生物反应器,MBR)、R3(MBR),其中R1与R2进水基质浓度相同,R2与R3反应器形式相同,进水基质浓度不同.结果表明:R1、R2、R3中的厌氧氨氧化污泥分别经过39d、93d、76d得到恢复,总氮去除率分别恢复至87.0%、83.4%、87.6%,总氮去除负荷分别恢复至0.359,0.114,0.244kg/(m³·d).R1与R2相比,厌氧氨氧化生物滤柱能够承受较高的水力负荷,长期断流后具有较高的稳定性,且更容易恢复.R2与R3相比,在进水基质浓度较高的条件下,厌氧氨氧化菌具有充足的营养底物,且高基质水平形成的底物浓度压力更有利于提升氨氮与亚硝酸盐氮在污泥内部的传质效果,恢复效果更好.高通量测序结果表明,3个反应器在恢复前(后)CandidatusKuenenia的相对丰度分别为17.3%(32.0%)、1.6%(2.6%)、1.8%(6.0%),恢复后R1中相对丰度最高.

Operation and recovery performance of anaerobic ammonia oxidation process after long-term starvation

In order to study how to rapid recover the activity of Anammox process which had been interrupted under emergency situation for a long-term, the nitrogen removal performance and microbial variations of three Anammox reactors were comparatively analyzed. The reactors were named as R1 (biofilter), R2 (membrane bioreactor, MBR), and R3 (MBR), where R1 and R2 had the same influent concentration, R2 and R3 had the same reactor type but different influent concentration. The results showed that the Anammox activity in R1, R2, and R3 was recovered after 39, 93, and 76days, with the total nitrogen removal efficiency returned to 87.0%, 83.4%, 87.6%, and the total nitrogen removal rate restored to 0.359, 0.114, 0.244kg/(m³·d), respectively. Compared R1 with R2, the Anammox biofilter could withstand higher hydraulic load, showed higher stability after long-term interruption, and was easier to recover. Compared R2 with R3, the higher influent concentration supplied sufficient substrate for Anammox bacteria, and formed concentration pressure for promoting the transformation of ammonia and nitrite inside the sludge, thus led to better recovery performance. The results of high-throughput sequencing showed that the relative abundance of Candidatus Kuenenia before (after) recovery of the three reactors were 17.3% (32.0%), 1.6% (2.6%), 1.8% (6.0%), and the abundance in R1after recovery was the highest.