金昌市PM2.5及PM10短期暴露对成人血压水平的影响

为探索西北地区颗粒物(PM)短期暴露对人群血压(BP)水平的影响,基于金昌队列研究平台,收集甘肃省金昌市2011~2017年颗粒物污染数据及队列人群血压测量数据,在调整相关混杂因素基础上,采用线性混合效应模型分析PM_2.5和PM₁₀短期暴露对收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、平均动脉压(MAP)、脉压(PP)和Mid-BP (SBP和DBP的均值)的影响.结果显示,随着PM_2.5浓度的增加,人群SBP,MAP,PP和Mid-BP均呈上升趋势,该效应值分别在累积滞后05,03,07和05d最大.随着PM₁₀浓度的增加,5种BP指标也均呈上升趋势,效应最大值均出现在累积滞后07d.PM_2.5和PM₁₀对BP产生的影响分别在吸烟和男性人群中更为显著.此外,沙尘天气和气态污染物(SO₂和NO₂)对PM-BP效应存在一定的修饰作用.因此,在该队列人群中,PM_2.5和PM₁₀短期暴露对人群血压具有一定影响,吸烟者和男性人群可能是颗粒物影响血压效应的易感人群.

Effects of short-term exposure to PM2.5 and PM10 on blood pressure in adults in Jinchang City

In order to explore the effect of short-term exposure to particulate matter (PM) on blood pressure (BP) level in northwest China, based on the Jinchang cohort platform, the data on the particulate pollution of Jinchang City and BP measurement of cohort population from 2011 to 2017 were collected. After adjusting for relevant confounding factors, a linear mixed-effect model was used to analyze the effects of short-term exposure to PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ on systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), Pulse pressure (PP) and Mid-BP (the mean of SBP and DBP). The results showed that with the increase of PM_2.5 concentration, the levels of SBP, MAP, PP and Mid-BP all showed an upward trend, and their largest effects were found at the cumulative lag 05, 03, 07 and 05 days, respectively. With the increase of PM₁₀ concentration, the five BP indicators all showed an upward trend, and their largest effects all appeared at cumulative lag 07 days. The effect of PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ on BP were more significant in smoker and male. In addition, dust weather and gaseous pollutants (SO₂ and NO₂) had a certain effect modification on the PM-BP effect. Therefore, there was an adverse effect of short-term exposure to PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ on people’s BP, smokers and males may be susceptible to the effect of PM on BP.