表面活性剂强化LiCl溶液灭活空调霉菌的研究

以空调系统中常见的黑曲霉(A.niger)和桔青霉(P.citrinum)孢子为对象,基于单因素全面实验并结合SEM显微观察等方法,探究了添加表面活性剂(异辛醇,2-EH)对LiCl溶液灭霉的强化性能及潜在机理.结果表明:添加微量异辛醇(质量浓度为50×10^-6~300×10^-6)可大幅提高LiCl溶液的灭霉效率,且提升幅度随添加量显著增强,增幅达12.6倍;有效灭霉所必需的LiCl溶液触发浓度由40%(高浓)大幅降低至20%(低浓);异辛醇的强化灭霉作用对中低浓度LiCl溶液尤为显著,在浓度为20%的低浓度LiCl溶液中添加仅300×10^-6g/g (即万分之三)的异辛醇,所研究霉菌孢子的灭活率从7.8%提高至近100%.SEM微观分析显示:微量异辛醇与低浓度LiCl溶液的自身灭霉能力较弱,单独作用于孢子时仅出现轻微皱缩,并无明显结构破坏,但在低浓度LiCl加入微量异辛醇后,孢子出现显著的结构破碎而灭活.研究结果可为提高溶液除湿空调灭霉能力提供新方法与依据.

Study of minor 2-EH surfactant on promoting LiCl liquid desiccant to inactivate mold in air-conditioning systems

Effects of minor 2-EH (2-ethyl-1-hexanol) surfactant on improving the inactivation ability of LiCl liquid desiccant on two species of resistant mold spores in air conditioning systems, A. niger and P. citrinum were studied. The results showed that minor addition of 2-EH (50×10^-6~300×10^-6) substantially enhanced the mold inactivation performance of LiCl liquid desiccant with an efficiency improvement of 12.6 fold. By adding only 300×10^-6 of 2-EH, the A. niger spores were effectively inactivated (with efficacy of around 100%) by the dilute LiCl aqueous solution (20% mass concentration) instead of the concentrated 40% LiCl solution. The improvement was particularly significant for the dilute LiCl solution, which considerably reduced the essential solution concentration for effective mold inactivation. SEM analysis showed that the addition of minor 2-EH accelerates the cell structure damage and collapse of the mold spores exposed in the LiCl solution. The results may significantly improve the mold inactivation performance of the LiCl liquid desiccant air-conditioning system and reduce the risks of mold aerosol transmission.