白洋淀喹诺酮类抗生素在底栖动物中的生物富集特征

利用超高效液相色谱串联质谱法（HPLC-MS）对白洋淀水体、沉积物以及7种底栖动物中喹诺酮类抗生素（QNs）进行检测，并探究QNs在底栖动物中的生物富集特征及其与环境因子的相关性.结果表明：在白洋淀水体中，ΣQNs浓度为0.7380~2004ng/L，其中氟甲喹（FLU）平均浓度最高（168.0ng/L），而在底栖动物中，氧氟沙星（OFL）和诺氟沙星（NOR）的检出率最高（Freq=100%），其次为FLU和恩诺沙星（ENR）（Freq³50%），其余QNs检出率小于40%（Freq￡40%），底栖动物中ΣQNs浓度为23.70~289.4ng/g，其中FLU （29.43ng/g）和环丙沙星CIP （40.38ng/g）平均浓度最高；QNs在底栖动物中的生物富集系数（BCF）为219.6（BCF_MAR）~1754L/kg （BCF_ENR），这表明QNs在底栖动物中的生物富集能力较高；检出率较高的OFL、恩诺沙星（ENR）和NOR的营养放大因子（TMF）为0.1299（TMF_FLU）~6.426（TMF_ENR），其中NOR、ENR呈营养放大，而FLU、OFL呈营养稀释；相关性分析结果表明ENR、CIP、FLU和ORB的BCF与水深（WD）、温度（T）、透明度（SD）、溶解氧（DO）和沉积物总有机碳（TOCs）呈显著正相关，而与化学需氧量（COD）、总磷（TP）、总氮（TN）、NO₃^--N、PO₄^3-、沉积物总碳（TCs）、沉积物总氮（TNs）和NH₃-Ns呈显著负相关；TMF_OFL与WD、T、SD、DO和TOCs呈显著负相关，与COD、TP、TN、NO₃^--N、PO₄^3-、TCs、TNs和NH₃-Ns呈显著正相关.这表明生活污水和养殖废水对QNs的贡献最大.

The bioaccumulation characteristics of quinolones (QNs) in macrobenthos-A case study of Baiyangdian Lake

The concentrations of quinolones (QNs) in water and macrobenthos samples were detected by high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS). Correlation analysis was conducted between the characteristics of bioaccumulation for QNs in macrobenthos and environmental parameters in Baiyangdian Lake. The results showed that:The concentrations of ΣQNs in water varied from 0.7380 to 2004ng/L, the average concentrations of FLU (168.0ng/L) were the highest and the detection frequency of ofloxacin (OFL) and norfloxcin (NOR) in macrobenthos was the highest (Freq=100%), followed by flumequine (FLU) and enrofloxa (ENR) (Freq³50%), while the detection rate of other QNs was less than 40% (Freq￡40%), While in the macrobenthos, the concentrations of ΣQNs varied from 23.70ng/g to 289.4ng/g, thereinto, the average concentrations of FLU(29.43ng/g) and CIP(40.38ng/g) were the highest; The bioaccumulation factors (BCF) of QNs in macrobenthos were in the range of 219.6 (BCF_MAR)~1754 (BCF_ENR) L/kg, which indicated that the bioaccumulation of QNs was high in macrobenthos; The trophic magnification factors (TMF) of OFL, ENR, and NOR varied from 0.1299 (TMF_FLU) to 6.426 (TMF_ENR), indicating NOR and ENR appeared trophic magnification, while FLU and OFL appeared trophic dilution; Through correlation analysis, the results showed that the BCF of ENR、CIP、FLU and ORB were significant positively correlated with water depth (WD), temperature (T), secchi depth (SD), dissolved oxygen (DO), and total organic carbon (TOCs), while significant negatively correlated with chemical oxygen demand (COD), total phosphorus (TP), total nitrogen (TN), nitrate nitrogen (NO₃^--N), PO₄^3-, total carbon (TCs), total phosphorus (TNs), and NH₃-Ns; TMF_OFL was significantly positive correlation to COD, TP, TN, NO₃-N, PO₄^3-, TCs, TNs and NH₃-Ns, while significant negatively correlated with WD, T, SD, DO and TOCs, indicating that domestic sewage and aquaculture wastewater contributed the most to QN_S.