PM2.5与O3协同控制视角下深圳市工业VOCs源谱特征

选取深圳8类典型工业行业开展VOCs样品采集，检测分析了100种VOCs组分，从PM_2.5和O₃协同控制的角度分析了不同污染源的成分谱特征和对环境的影响.结果表明：加油站源谱组成以烷烃（48.4%）占主导，OVOCs （27.6%）占比突出，乙酸乙酯（14.1%）、异戊烷（13.0%）、正戊烷（12.0%）为其优势排放物种；涂料制造、胶黏剂生产、油墨制造、化工制品、纺织印染、医药制造行业排放组成均以OVOCs （42.3%~97.1%）占主导，丙酮为大多数行业的优势物种，且乙腈在部分行业中占比突出.垃圾发电行业以OVOCs （33.9%）和卤代烃（28.3%）占主导，乙醛（13.4%）、丙酮（11.0%）、一氯甲烷（6.1%）为该行业排放的优势物种.以PM_2.5和O₃协同控制为导向，芳香烃和烯烃是储存运输源需要控制的重点；OVOCs和芳香烃都应成为工艺过程源和废弃物处理源控制的关键.涂料制造行业的源反应活性SR_O3和SR_SOA值分别为6.0g/g和1.2g/g，削减单位质量排放的VOCs所减少的PM_2.5和O₃生成潜势最多，应成为深圳市PM_2.5和O₃协同控制下的优先控制行业.

Source profile characteristics of industrial VOCs in Shenzhen from the perspective of PM2.5 and O3 synergistic control

100 VOCs components of samples were detected taken from 8 typical industries in Shenzhen so as to characterize different sources and analyze their impacts on PM_2.5 and ozone pollution. The results show that, of all emissions from gas stations, alkanes accounted for 48.4%, followed by oxygenated VOCs (27.6%), ethyl acetate (14.1%), isopentane (13.0%), and n-pentane (12.0%). While oxygenated VOCs were mainly emitted from manufacture of coating, adhesives, ink, chemicals, textile printing and dyeing agents, pharmaceutical products, etc., accounting for 42.3%~97.1% of all VOCs. Furthermore, acetone was dominantly emitted from most industries and acetonitrile from some industries. For waste-to-energy industry, oxygenated VOCs and halogenated hydrocarbons contributed 33.9% and 28.3%, respectively, followed by acetaldehyde (13.4%), acetone (11.0%) and chloromethane (6.1%). For synergistically controlling PM_2.5 and ozone, aromatic hydrocarbons and olefins generated from storage and transportation are the primary compounds to be mitigated; and oxygenated VOCs and aromatic hydrocarbons are the key components to be controlled in processing industry and waste disposal. Because of high SR_O3 (6.0g/g) and SR_SOA (1.2g/g) in coating manufacture, to most effectively mitigate PM_2.5 and ozone by reducing per unit of VOCs emissions should become the priority for synergistically controlling PM_2.5 and ozone in Shenzhen.