水库型旅游地生态安全时空分异及其关键影响因子分析 ——以溧阳市天目湖为例

根据系统论、环境价值论和人地关系理论构建水库型旅游地生态安全“压力-状态-响应”评价模型，运用模糊集对分析法定量分析2005年和2015年溧阳市天目湖的生态安全水平及其时空分异特征，并通过信息熵权探寻生态安全变化的关键影响因子。结果表明：在空间尺度上，沙河水库下游的旅游优先开发区生态安全状况较差，大溪水库周边区域生态安全状况较好。在时间尺度上，所有区域的生态安全等级都有所提升，旅游优先开发区的生态安全等级出现较大正向波动。研究表明，旅游业发展因子、人口因子和引起环境变化政策响应因子是决定天目湖生态安全的关键性因子。通过对政策、产业和人口之间的政府力、市场力和社会力对生态环境尤其是水库的作用过程分析发现，人类的环境再生产活动能够降低生态压力、提升生态响应，从而改善水库型旅游区的生态安全。 关键词： 水库型旅游地；生态安全；时空分异；影响因子；天目湖

Spatio-Temporal Heterogeneity and Key Influencing Factors of Ecological Security in Reservoir-Type Tourist Destinations——A Case Study of Tianmu Lake in Liyang City

Based on the theory of system theory, environmental value theory and human-land relationship theory, this paper constructs the "pressure-state-response " evaluation model of ecological security of reservoir-type tourism destination, and uses fuzzy set pair analysis to quantitatively analyze the ecological security level of Tianmu Lake in Liyang City in 2005 and 2015, and its spatial and temporal differentiation characteristics, and through information entropy to explore the key factors of ecological security changes. The results show that the ecological security status of the tourism priority development area in the downstream of Shahe Reservoir is poor, and the ecological security situation in the surrounding area of Daxi Reservoir is better. On the time scale, the ecological security level of all regions has been improved, and the ecological security level of the tourism priority development zone has a large positive fluctuation. The study shows that tourism development factors, population factors and environmental response policy factors are the key factors to determine the ecological safety of Tianmu Lake.