喀斯特地貌区植被覆盖与地形因子的空间关系分析——以贵州普定县为例

以贵州省普定县为研究区，选取区内植被覆盖为研究对象，综合运用遥感和GIS技术，借助空间叠加分析，研究了区内植被覆盖度分别随地形因子变化的规律，再利用普定县土地利用现状图与植被覆盖分布图和各地形因子叠加综合并结合分布指数分析了地形因子与植被覆盖分布的格局。研究结果表明：（1）向阳坡向、低海拔地区以低植被覆盖度为主；高程1 400~1 600 m的地区，坡度在25°以上的地区，坡向上东北坡、北坡、西南坡、西北坡的地区，地表切割深度30~40 m上的地区为植被分布的优势地形位；（2）在优势地形位上各级植被覆盖的分布面积波动较大，这也体现了植被覆盖的分布格局与地形因子的空间关系具有较大的不确定性；（3）人为因素对植被发育、分布的影响较大，地形因素通过影响会限制人类活动，而间接影响或有利于植被的生长。研究结论有助于揭示普定县植被覆盖的空间分布和变化特征，对喀斯特区域生态环境的评价和改良具有重要的参考价值，同时也为喀斯特地区植被修复、保护和石漠化防治提供决策依据

Analysis of Spatial Correlation Between Vegetation Coverage and Terrain Factors in Karst Landform——Taking Puding Area in Guizhou for Example

The area of vegetation coveragein Puding county of Guizhou was studiedin our work.The remote sensing and GIS technology was employed to explore the change of vegetation coverage in terrain factors through the spatial overlay analysis.Then the vegetation map and terrain factors were analyzed to identify the terrain factor and vegetation distribution in Puding county.The results show that:①The low vegetation coverage makes up the majority of sunny slope and low altitude area;The favorable terrainof vegetation is the area of the northeast,north,southwest,and northwest slope aspect with elevation of 1 400-1 600 m,the slope over 25°,and with thesurface cutting depth of 30-40 m.②The distribution area of vegetation coverage in those favorable terrain varies greatly,suggesting that the spatial relationship between vegetation distribution pattern and terrain factors is uncertain.③ Human factors have great influence on the development and distribution of vegetation.And terrain factors can also restrict human activity in return,indirectly affecting the growth of vegetation.Those research results contribute to revealing the spatial distribution and variation characteristics of vegetation cover in Puding County,which can provide a significant hint for the evaluation and improvement of the regional ecological environment in Karst area,and meanwhile provide the decision-making basis for vegetation restoration,protection and rocky desertification control in Karst area.