长江经济带城市环境风险评价研究

为开展长江经济带城市环境风险评价，在明确环境风险评价的涵义及内容基础上，结合长江经济带城市的生态、经济、社会特点，依据环境风险理论，提出了城市环境风险评价指标体系。选取长江经济带地级以上城市为研究对象，利用空间自相关和热点分析等空间统计方法，展现环境风险的空间分布规律及集聚特征。研究发现长江经济带风险源危险性和受体敏感性的分布存在空间集聚，受体恢复性不存在显著的空间集聚；长三角为城市环境风险热点区域，冷点主要分布在重庆、湖南一带。因此，长江经济带城市需深入实施主要污染物减排、强化区域环境协作、建立和完善专项的环境风险动态评价平台和加强重点生态功能区环境保护。 关键词： 长江经济带；城市环境风险；环境风险评价；空间统计

Study on the Environmental Risk Assessment of the Yangtze River Economic Zone

Based on the clarifying of the meaning and content of environment risk assessment, this paper puts forward an index system of urban environmental risk assessment for Yangtze River Economic Zone combined with the characteristics of ecology, economy and society of this region, according to the theory of environmental risk. Then it takes cities at and above the prefecture level in the Yangtze River Economic Zone as the objects to analyze the spatial distribution pattern and agglomeration characteristics of environmental risk by the spatial statistical methods, such as spatial auto-correlation and hot spot analysis. The analytic results show that risk source hazard and sensitivity of receptor have significant characteristics of spatial agglomeration, but the recovery of the receptor hasn't yet. The hot spot of environmental risk is Yangtze River Delta, while the cold spots are mainly distributed in Chongqing and Hunan. Finally, this paper suggests some countermeasures should be in-depth implemented in the cities of Yangtze river economic zone, such as major pollutants emission reduction, strengthening regional cooperation of environmental protection, establishing and improving the special environmental risk assessment platform, and strengthening environmental protection of the key ecological function areas, etc.