长江三角洲地区机场体系基础设施效率的时空演化

机场效率评价与分析是相关学者关注的热点。采用DEA方法，以长江三角洲地区机场体系为实证，以基础设施的投入与产出为关注点，探讨2000~2014年间机场效率的时空演化及其影响因素。结果表明：研究期间长三角地区机场体系基础设施效率总体较低，空间上呈南高北低，东高西低特征；在时空演化上，基础设施效率呈提升态势，机场间的差异性呈降低趋势，各机场演化过程具有明显差别，但总体上效率高的机场，其演化过程中变异系数较低，反之亦然；近15a来机场基础设施效率的差异性演化并未引起区域空间格局大的变动，但江苏沿海地区的机场效率优势正在逐步形成。通过效率分解，发现规模效率是影响长三角地区机场体系综合技术效率的主要原因，正是规模效率的低下引致了综合技术效率低下。机场基础设施效率及其演化是机场自身发展状况（内在因素）的综合反映，同时深受区域发展水平、机场竞争态势以及机场交通区位等诸多外部因素影响。最后，讨论了提升长三角地区机场体系基础设施效率的可能路径。

Temporal-spatial Evolution of Airport System Infrastructure Efficiency in the Yangtze River Delta

Airport efficiency evaluation and analysis attract the attention of relevant scholars.This paper uses the DEA model,takes the airport system of Yangtze River Delta as an example,mainly focuses on the input and output of infrastructure,to analyze the temporal-spatial evolution and influencing factors of airport efficiency from 2000 to 2014.The results show that during the research period,the infrastructure efficiency of the airport system in the Yangtze River Delta is generally low,and the pattern of average airports efficiency appears to be high in the south and east,low in the north and west.In terms of temporal-spatial evolution,the overall efficiency of infrastructure has been improved,and the difference in efficiency between airports is decreasing.Although there is a significant difference among airports' evolution,airports with higher overall efficiency have lower variation coefficient,and vice versa.While the difference in the efficiency evolution of airport infrastructure efficiency in the past 15 years has not caused great changes in the regional spatial pattern,advantages of Jiangsu coastal areas are gradually formed.By means of efficiency decomposition,it is found that the scale efficiency is the main reason for the comprehensive efficiency of the airport system in the Yangtze River Delta region.It is the low efficiency of the scale that leads to the low overall efficiency.The efficiency and evolution of airport infrastructure are comprehensive reflections of the development of the airport itself (internal factors).At the same time,they are also influenced by the level of regional development,airport competition,airport traffic location and many other external factors.Finally,the article briefly discusses the possible path to improve the infrastructure efficiency of the airport system in the Yangtze River Delta region.