氯代烃污染场地生物自然衰减修复研究进展

随着监测自然衰减技术的不断发展和日趋成熟,其在氯代烃污染场地修复领域中的应用越来越广泛和深入。本文在简要回顾监测自然衰减技术来源和发展的基础上,围绕主导氯代烃去除的生物自然衰减过程,综合探究了影响监测自然衰减效率的污染物、生物和环境因素,概述了评估氯代烃污染场地自然衰减能力的实地监测和数值模拟手段,并基于室内模拟实验和场地实际应用现状,分析了其与强化衰减技术联合应用的发展趋势。今后需要在复合污染体系的自然衰减特征、生物降解调控机理研究、数值模拟及同位素分析等手段的应用等方面进一步深入研究,以期为氯代烃污染场地的绿色修复提供参考。

Research progress on biotic natural attenuation for the remediation of chlorinated hydrocarbon-contaminated sites

With the continuous development and the increasing maturity of Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA), its application in the remediation of sites contaminated by chlorinated hydrocarbons is becoming more and more extensive in-depth. In this paper, we first conducted a brief review on the origin and development history of MNA. We then summarized contaminant, biological and environmental factors that affect the remediation efficiency of MNA, especially focusing on the biotic natural attenuation processes. Field monitoring and numerical simulation methods were also summarized to assess the natural attenuation capacity of contaminated sites. Afterwards, we analyzed development trend of the joint use of MNA and Enhanced Attenuation (EA) and discussed their current application status in laboratory studies and contaminated sites. To provide a reference for the green remediation of sites contaminated by chlorinated hydrocarbons, the natural attenuation characteristics of mixed pollutants, regulatory mechanism of biodegradation and the application of numerical simulation and isotope analysis should be further discussed.