铁强化厌氧氨氧化脱氮机理研究进展

如何强化厌氧氨氧化细菌生长代谢,提高厌氧氨氧化工艺脱氮效能以及保障工艺长期稳定运行是有关厌氧氨氧化研究的热点之一。铁强化厌氧氨氧化是当前研究最为广泛且最具经济性和实用性的一种措施。本文简述了铁强化厌氧氨氧化技术及其强化脱氮效能;重点从优化厌氧氨氧菌的生长环境、促进胞外聚合物分泌、加速脱氮功能菌群富集、诱导细胞结构演变、调控关键酶和功能基因表达、促进信号分子合成以及强化非生物脱氮反应等方面总结了铁强化厌氧氨氧化菌生长代谢和厌氧氨氧化系统脱氮效能的机理。最后对铁强化厌氧氨氧化技术进行总结展望,并提出废铁屑强化厌氧氨氧化技术的构想。

Research progress on the mechanisms of iron-assisted anaerobic ammonia oxidation process

How to promote the proliferation and metabolism of anammox bacteria, improve the nitrogen removal efficiency of anammox process, and ensure the long-term stable operation of the process are the hotspots of anammox research. Iron-assisted anammox is the most widely studied measure with high economical and practical potential. This paper briefly describes the iron-assisted anammox technology and its nitrogen removal performance. The mechanisms of iron-assisted anammox process in promoting anammox cells growth and enhancing systems nitrogen removal performance are summarized from the aspects of optimizing the habitats of anammox bacteria, stimulating the secretion of extracellular polymer, accelerating the accumulation of denitrification functional bacteria, inducing the evolution of cell microstructure, regulating the expression of key enzymes and functional genes, promoting signal molecular synthesis, and enhancing abiotic nitrogen removal. Finally, the iron-assisted anammox technology is summarized and prospected, and the concept of waste iron scrap-anammox process is proposed.