不同阻控措施对生菜中镉铅累积及品质的影响

为探索受重金属镉（Cd）和铅（Pb）复合污染农田的安全利用技术，实现农产品安全生产，采用盆栽试验，以低铅镉累积品种生菜（KCW）为供试材料，研究2种土壤钝化剂和5种叶面阻控剂对生菜中Cd和Pb累积及品质的影响.结果表明，不同阻控措施对生菜土壤pH值影响不同，其中施用45 g ·m^-2生物炭基钝化剂对提升土壤pH值差异最显著，较CK提高了0.8个单位；施用72 g ·m^-2腐殖酸钝化剂对降低生菜土壤pH值差异最显著，较CK显著降低了0.25个单位.在所有阻控措施中，施用45g ·m^-2生物炭基钝化剂对土壤有效态Cd含量的降低效果最好，较CK显著降低53%，施用135g ·m^-2生物炭基钝化剂对土壤有效态Pb含量的降低效果最好，较CK显著降低64%.喷施0.8% FAK-Zn叶面阻控剂不仅对降低生菜可食部Cd、Pb含量的阻控效果最佳，分别较CK显著降低77%和60%，且还显著降低生菜可食部Cd、Pb富集系数和根部向可食部的转运系数.不同阻控措施对生菜营养品质影响不同，其中0.4% FAK-Zn叶面阻控剂对可溶性蛋白提升效果最佳；0.6% FAK-Zn对可溶性糖提升效果最佳，0.4% FAK-Zn阻控剂对维生素C含量提升效果最佳.总之，施用生物炭基钝化剂可有效地修复受Cd和Pb复合污染的生菜土壤，而喷施FAK-Zn叶面阻控剂可有效地抑制生菜中Cd和Pb富集吸收转移，并能改善提升生菜营养品质，为重金属复合污染的蔬菜安全生产提供理论依据，促进资源与环境的循环利用.

Effects of Different Control Measures on Cadmium and Lead Accumulation and Quality in Lettuce

To explore the safe utilization technology of farmland polluted by the heavy metals cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) and to realize the safe production of agricultural products, a pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of two soil passivators and five foliar inhibitors on Cd and Cd-accumulation and quality of lettuce with low Pb and Cd accumulation (KCW). The results showed that different control measures had different effects on the soil pH value of lettuce, and the application of 45 g·m^-2biochar-based passivator had the most significant difference in improving the soil pH value, which was increased by 0.8 units compared with that in CK. By using 72 g·m^-2 of humic acid passivator yielded notable difference in reducing the soil pH value of lettuce. A reduction of 0.25 units was achieved compared with that in CK. Among all the control measures, the application of 45 g·m^-2 biocharcoal-based passivation agent had the best effect on reducing soil available Cd content, which was significantly reduced by 53% compared with that in CK, and the application of 135 g·m^-2biocharcoal-based passivation agent had the best effect on reducing soil available Pb content, which was significantly reduced by 64% compared with that in CK. Spraying 0.8% FAK-Zn foliar inhibitor not only had the best control effect on reducing Cd and Pb contents in the edible parts of lettuce, which were significantly reduced by 77% and 60%, respectively, compared with that in CK, but it also significantly reduced Cd and Pb enrichment coefficients and transport coefficients from the root to the edible parts of the lettuce. Different control measures had different effects on the nutritional quality of lettuce, and 0.4% FAK-Zn foliar inhibitor had the best effect on soluble protein. The 0.6% FAK-Zn had the best effect on soluble sugar, and the 0.4% FAK-Zn inhibitor had the best effect on vitamin C content. The application of biocarbon-based passivator could effectively repair lettuce soil polluted by Cd and Pb, whereas the application of FAK-Zn leaf surface inhibitor could effectively inhibit the accumulation, absorption, and transfer of Cd and Pb in lettuce; improve the nutritional quality of lettuce; provide a theoretical basis for safe production of vegetables polluted by heavy metals; and promote the recycling of resources and environment.